使用java发送电子邮件 [英] Send email using java
本文介绍了使用java发送电子邮件的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我正在尝试使用 Java 发送电子邮件:
import java.util.*;导入 javax.mail.*;导入 javax.mail.internet.*;导入 javax.activation.*;公共类 SendEmail {公共静态无效主(字符串 [] args){//需要提及收件人的电子邮件 ID.String to = "abcd@gmail.com";//需要提及发件人的电子邮件IDString from = "web@gmail.com";//假设您从本地主机发送电子邮件字符串主机 = "本地主机";//获取系统属性属性属性 = System.getProperties();//设置邮件服务器properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", 主机);//获取默认的 Session 对象.会话会话 = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);尝试{//创建一个默认的 MimeMessage 对象.MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);//Set From: 头部的头部字段.message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));//设置为:头部的头部字段.message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,新的 InternetAddress(to));//设置主题:标题字段message.setSubject("这是主题行！");//现在设置实际消息message.setText("这是真实的消息");//发信息Transport.send(message);System.out.println("消息发送成功....");}catch (MessagingException mex) {mex.printStackTrace();}}}我收到错误:
javax.mail.MessagingException:无法连接到 SMTP 主机:本地主机，端口:25；嵌套异常是:java.net.ConnectException:连接被拒绝:连接在 com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.openServer(SMTPTransport.java:1706)在 com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.protocolConnect(SMTPTransport.java:525)此代码可用于发送电子邮件吗?
解决方案
以下代码与 Google SMTP 服务器配合良好.您需要提供您的 Google 用户名和密码.
import com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport;导入 java.security.Security;导入 java.util.Date;导入 java.util.Properties;导入 javax.mail.Message;导入 javax.mail.MessagingException;导入 javax.mail.Session;导入 javax.mail.internet.AddressException;导入 javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;导入 javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;/**** @author 哆啦A梦*/公共类 GoogleMail {私人 GoogleMail() {}/*** 使用 GMail SMTP 服务器发送电子邮件.** @param username GMail 用户名* @param password GMail 密码* @param receiverEmail TO 收件人* @param title 消息的标题* @param message 要发送的消息* @throws AddressException 如果电子邮件地址解析失败* @throws MessagingException 如果连接已死或未处于连接状态，或者消息不是 MimeMessage*/public static void Send(final String username, final String password, String receiverEmail, String title, String message) throws AddressException, MessagingException {GoogleMail.Send(用户名、密码、收件人电子邮件、""、标题、消息);}/*** 使用 GMail SMTP 服务器发送电子邮件.** @param username GMail 用户名* @param password GMail 密码* @param receiverEmail TO 收件人* @param ccEmail 抄送收件人.如果没有抄送收件人可以为空* @param title 消息的标题* @param message 要发送的消息* @throws AddressException 如果电子邮件地址解析失败* @throws MessagingException 如果连接已死或未处于连接状态，或者消息不是 MimeMessage*/public static void Send(final String username, final String password, String receiverEmail, String ccEmail, String title, String message) throws AddressException, MessagingException {Security.addProvider(new com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Provider());final String SSL_FACTORY = "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory";//获取一个属性对象属性道具 = System.getProperties();props.setProperty("mail.smtps.host", "smtp.gmail.com");props.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", SSL_FACTORY);props.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", "false");props.setProperty("mail.smtp.port", "465");props.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465");props.setProperty("mail.smtps.auth", "true");/*如果设置为 false，则发送 QUIT 命令并立即关闭连接.如果设置为真(默认值)，导致传输等待对 QUIT 命令的响应.参考:http://java.sun.com/products/javamail/javadocs/com/sun/mail/smtp/package-summary.htmlhttp://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=5205249smtpsend.java - 来自 javamail 的演示程序*/props.put("mail.smtps.quitwait", "false");Session session = Session.getInstance(props, null);//-- 创建一条新消息 --最后的 MimeMessage msg = 新的 MimeMessage(session);//-- 设置 FROM 和 TO 字段 --msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(username + "@gmail.com"));msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(recipientEmail, false));如果(ccEmail.length()> 0){msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, InternetAddress.parse(ccEmail, false));}msg.setSubject(title);msg.setText(message, "utf-8");msg.setSentDate(new Date());SMTPTransport t = (SMTPTransport)session.getTransport("smtps");t.connect("smtp.gmail.com", 用户名, 密码);t.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());t.close();}}2015 年 12 月 11 日更新
用户名 + 密码不再是推荐的解决方案.这是由于
<块引用>我尝试了这个，Gmail 发送了用作此代码中用户名的电子邮件电子邮件说我们最近阻止了登录您的 Google 的尝试帐户，并将我定向到此支持页面:support.google.com/accounts/answer/6010255 所以它会寻找它的工作，用于发送的电子邮件帐户需要减少自己的安全
Google 已发布 Gmail API -
显示用户友好的 oAuth2 对话框的关键可以在 MyAuthorizationCodeInstalledApp.java 和 SimpleSwingBrowser.java
I'm trying to send an email using Java:
import java.util.*;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.activation.*;
public class SendEmail {
public static void main(String [] args) {
// Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
String to = "abcd@gmail.com";
// Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
String from = "web@gmail.com";
// Assuming you are sending email from localhost
String host = "localhost";
// Get system properties
Properties properties = System.getProperties();
// Setup mail server
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);
// Get the default Session object.
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);
try{
// Create a default MimeMessage object.
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
// Set From: header field of the header.
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
// Set To: header field of the header.
message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
new InternetAddress(to));
// Set Subject: header field
message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");
// Now set the actual message
message.setText("This is actual message");
// Send message
Transport.send(message);
System.out.println("Sent message successfully....");
}catch (MessagingException mex) {
mex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
I am getting the error :
javax.mail.MessagingException: Could not connect to SMTP host: localhost, port: 25;
nested exception is:java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.openServer(SMTPTransport.java:1706)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.protocolConnect(SMTPTransport.java:525)
Will this code work to send email?
解决方案
The following code works very well with Google SMTP server. You need to supply your Google username and password.
import com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport;
import java.security.Security;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
/**
*
* @author doraemon
*/
public class GoogleMail {
private GoogleMail() {
}
/**
* Send email using GMail SMTP server.
*
* @param username GMail username
* @param password GMail password
* @param recipientEmail TO recipient
* @param title title of the message
* @param message message to be sent
* @throws AddressException if the email address parse failed
* @throws MessagingException if the connection is dead or not in the connected state or if the message is not a MimeMessage
*/
public static void Send(final String username, final String password, String recipientEmail, String title, String message) throws AddressException, MessagingException {
GoogleMail.Send(username, password, recipientEmail, "", title, message);
}
/**
* Send email using GMail SMTP server.
*
* @param username GMail username
* @param password GMail password
* @param recipientEmail TO recipient
* @param ccEmail CC recipient. Can be empty if there is no CC recipient
* @param title title of the message
* @param message message to be sent
* @throws AddressException if the email address parse failed
* @throws MessagingException if the connection is dead or not in the connected state or if the message is not a MimeMessage
*/
public static void Send(final String username, final String password, String recipientEmail, String ccEmail, String title, String message) throws AddressException, MessagingException {
Security.addProvider(new com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Provider());
final String SSL_FACTORY = "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory";
// Get a Properties object
Properties props = System.getProperties();
props.setProperty("mail.smtps.host", "smtp.gmail.com");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", SSL_FACTORY);
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", "false");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.port", "465");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465");
props.setProperty("mail.smtps.auth", "true");
/*
If set to false, the QUIT command is sent and the connection is immediately closed. If set
to true (the default), causes the transport to wait for the response to the QUIT command.
ref : http://java.sun.com/products/javamail/javadocs/com/sun/mail/smtp/package-summary.html
http://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=5205249
smtpsend.java - demo program from javamail
*/
props.put("mail.smtps.quitwait", "false");
Session session = Session.getInstance(props, null);
// -- Create a new message --
final MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
// -- Set the FROM and TO fields --
msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(username + "@gmail.com"));
msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(recipientEmail, false));
if (ccEmail.length() > 0) {
msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, InternetAddress.parse(ccEmail, false));
}
msg.setSubject(title);
msg.setText(message, "utf-8");
msg.setSentDate(new Date());
SMTPTransport t = (SMTPTransport)session.getTransport("smtps");
t.connect("smtp.gmail.com", username, password);
t.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());
t.close();
}
}
Update on 11 December 2015
Username + password is no longer a recommended solution. This is due to
I tried this and Gmail sent the email used as username in this code an email saying that We recently blocked a sign-in attempt to your Google Account, and directed me to this support page: support.google.com/accounts/answer/6010255 so it looks for it to work, the email account being used to send needs to reduce their own security
Google had released Gmail API - https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/?hl=en. We should use oAuth2 method, instead of username + password.
Here's the code snippet to work with Gmail API.
GoogleMail.java
import com.google.api.client.util.Base64;
import com.google.api.services.gmail.Gmail;
import com.google.api.services.gmail.model.Message;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
/**
*
* @author doraemon
*/
public class GoogleMail {
private GoogleMail() {
}
private static MimeMessage createEmail(String to, String cc, String from, String subject, String bodyText) throws MessagingException {
Properties props = new Properties();
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null);
MimeMessage email = new MimeMessage(session);
InternetAddress tAddress = new InternetAddress(to);
InternetAddress cAddress = cc.isEmpty() ? null : new InternetAddress(cc);
InternetAddress fAddress = new InternetAddress(from);
email.setFrom(fAddress);
if (cAddress != null) {
email.addRecipient(javax.mail.Message.RecipientType.CC, cAddress);
}
email.addRecipient(javax.mail.Message.RecipientType.TO, tAddress);
email.setSubject(subject);
email.setText(bodyText);
return email;
}
private static Message createMessageWithEmail(MimeMessage email) throws MessagingException, IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
email.writeTo(baos);
String encodedEmail = Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(baos.toByteArray());
Message message = new Message();
message.setRaw(encodedEmail);
return message;
}
public static void Send(Gmail service, String recipientEmail, String ccEmail, String fromEmail, String title, String message) throws IOException, MessagingException {
Message m = createMessageWithEmail(createEmail(recipientEmail, ccEmail, fromEmail, title, message));
service.users().messages().send("me", m).execute();
}
}
To construct an authorized Gmail service through oAuth2, here's the code snippet.
Utils.java
import com.google.api.client.auth.oauth2.Credential;
import com.google.api.client.extensions.jetty.auth.oauth2.LocalServerReceiver;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleAuthorizationCodeFlow;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleClientSecrets;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.javanet.GoogleNetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.util.store.FileDataStoreFactory;
import com.google.api.services.gmail.Gmail;
import com.google.api.services.gmail.GmailScopes;
import com.google.api.services.oauth2.Oauth2;
import com.google.api.services.oauth2.model.Userinfoplus;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.yccheok.jstock.engine.Pair;
/**
*
* @author yccheok
*/
public class Utils {
/** Global instance of the JSON factory. */
private static final GsonFactory JSON_FACTORY = GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance();
/** Global instance of the HTTP transport. */
private static HttpTransport httpTransport;
private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Utils.class);
static {
try {
// initialize the transport
httpTransport = GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport();
} catch (IOException ex) {
log.error(null, ex);
} catch (GeneralSecurityException ex) {
log.error(null, ex);
}
}
private static File getGmailDataDirectory() {
return new File(org.yccheok.jstock.gui.Utils.getUserDataDirectory() + "authentication" + File.separator + "gmail");
}
/**
* Send a request to the UserInfo API to retrieve the user's information.
*
* @param credentials OAuth 2.0 credentials to authorize the request.
* @return User's information.
* @throws java.io.IOException
*/
public static Userinfoplus getUserInfo(Credential credentials) throws IOException
{
Oauth2 userInfoService =
new Oauth2.Builder(httpTransport, JSON_FACTORY, credentials).setApplicationName("JStock").build();
Userinfoplus userInfo = userInfoService.userinfo().get().execute();
return userInfo;
}
public static String loadEmail(File dataStoreDirectory) {
File file = new File(dataStoreDirectory, "email");
try {
return new String(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(file.toURI())), "UTF-8");
} catch (IOException ex) {
log.error(null, ex);
return null;
}
}
public static boolean saveEmail(File dataStoreDirectory, String email) {
File file = new File(dataStoreDirectory, "email");
try {
//If the constructor throws an exception, the finally block will NOT execute
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), "UTF-8"));
try {
writer.write(email);
} finally {
writer.close();
}
return true;
} catch (IOException ex){
log.error(null, ex);
return false;
}
}
public static void logoutGmail() {
File credential = new File(getGmailDataDirectory(), "StoredCredential");
File email = new File(getGmailDataDirectory(), "email");
credential.delete();
email.delete();
}
public static Pair<Pair<Credential, String>, Boolean> authorizeGmail() throws Exception {
// Ask for only the permissions you need. Asking for more permissions will
// reduce the number of users who finish the process for giving you access
// to their accounts. It will also increase the amount of effort you will
// have to spend explaining to users what you are doing with their data.
// Here we are listing all of the available scopes. You should remove scopes
// that you are not actually using.
Set<String> scopes = new HashSet<>();
// We would like to display what email this credential associated to.
scopes.add("email");
scopes.add(GmailScopes.GMAIL_SEND);
// load client secrets
GoogleClientSecrets clientSecrets = GoogleClientSecrets.load(Utils.JSON_FACTORY,
new InputStreamReader(Utils.class.getResourceAsStream("/assets/authentication/gmail/client_secrets.json")));
return authorize(clientSecrets, scopes, getGmailDataDirectory());
}
/** Authorizes the installed application to access user's protected data.
* @return
* @throws java.lang.Exception */
private static Pair<Pair<Credential, String>, Boolean> authorize(GoogleClientSecrets clientSecrets, Set<String> scopes, File dataStoreDirectory) throws Exception {
// Set up authorization code flow.
GoogleAuthorizationCodeFlow flow = new GoogleAuthorizationCodeFlow.Builder(
httpTransport, JSON_FACTORY, clientSecrets, scopes)
.setDataStoreFactory(new FileDataStoreFactory(dataStoreDirectory))
.build();
// authorize
return new MyAuthorizationCodeInstalledApp(flow, new LocalServerReceiver()).authorize("user");
}
public static Gmail getGmail(Credential credential) {
Gmail service = new Gmail.Builder(httpTransport, JSON_FACTORY, credential).setApplicationName("JStock").build();
return service;
}
}
To provide a user friendly way of oAuth2 authentication, I made use of JavaFX, to display the following input dialog
The key to display user friendly oAuth2 dialog can be found in MyAuthorizationCodeInstalledApp.java and SimpleSwingBrowser.java
这篇关于使用java发送电子邮件的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
查看全文
