如何用链接替换普通 URL? [英] How to replace plain URLs with links?

问题描述

我正在使用下面的函数来匹配给定文本中的 URL，并将它们替换为 HTML 链接.正则表达式运行良好，但目前我只替换第一个匹配项.

I am using the function below to match URLs inside a given text and replace them for HTML links. The regular expression is working great, but currently I am only replacing the first match.

如何替换所有 URL?我想我应该使用 exec 命令，但我真的不知道该怎么做.

How I can replace all the URL? I guess I should be using the exec command, but I did not really figure how to do it.

function replaceURLWithHTMLLinks(text) {
    var exp = /((https?|ftp|file)://[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:,.;]*[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|])/i;
    return text.replace(exp,"<a href='$1'>$1</a>"); 
}

推荐答案

首先，滚动您自己的正则表达式来解析 URL 是一个可怕的想法.你必须想象这是一个很常见的问题，有人已经编写、调试和测试根据RFC，它的库.URI 很复杂 - 查看 URL 代码在 Node.js 中解析 和关于 URI 方案的维基百科页面.

First off, rolling your own regexp to parse URLs is a terrible idea. You must imagine this is a common enough problem that someone has written, debugged and tested a library for it, according to the RFCs. URIs are complex - check out the code for URL parsing in Node.js and the Wikipedia page on URI schemes.

在解析 URL 时有很多边缘情况:国际域名，实际(.museum)与不存在(.etc)TLD，奇怪的标点符号，包括括号、URL 末尾的标点符号、IPV6 主机名等.

There are a ton of edge cases when it comes to parsing URLs: international domain names, actual (.museum) vs. nonexistent (.etc) TLDs, weird punctuation including parentheses, punctuation at the end of the URL, IPV6 hostnames etc.

我看过a大量库a>，尽管有一些缺点，但仍有一些值得使用:

I've looked at a ton of libraries, and there are a few worth using despite some downsides:

• Soapbox 的 linkify 已经付出了一些努力，2015 年 6 月的一次重大重构 删除了 jQuery 依赖.它仍然存在IDN 问题.
• AnchorMe 是声称更快和更精简.还有一些IDN 问题.
• Autolinker.js 非常具体地列出了功能(例如将正确处理 HTML 输入. 该实用程序不会更改anchor () 标签内的href 属性").当演示可用时，我会对其进行一些测试.

• Soapbox's linkify has seen some serious effort put into it, and a major refactor in June 2015 removed the jQuery dependency. It still has issues with IDNs.
• AnchorMe is a newcomer that claims to be faster and leaner. Some IDN issues as well.
• Autolinker.js lists features very specifically (e.g. "Will properly handle HTML input. The utility will not change the href attribute inside anchor () tags"). I'll thrown some tests at it when a demo becomes available.

我很快取消了这项任务的资格的图书馆:

Libraries that I've disqualified quickly for this task:

• Django 的 urlize 没有正确处理某些 TLD(这里是官方的有效 TLD 列表.没有演示.
• autolink-js 不会检测到www.google.com"没有 http://，所以它不太适合自动链接在纯文本中找到的临时 URL"(没有方案/协议).
• Ben Alman 的 linkify 自 2009 年以来就没有得到维护.

• Django's urlize didn't handle certain TLDs properly (here is the official list of valid TLDs. No demo.
• autolink-js wouldn't detect "www.google.com" without http://, so it's not quite suitable for autolinking "casual URLs" (without a scheme/protocol) found in plain text.
• Ben Alman's linkify hasn't been maintained since 2009.

如果坚持使用正则表达式，最全面的就是网址来自组件的正则表达式，尽管它会通过查看它错误地检测到一些不存在的两字母 TLD.

If you insist on a regular expression, the most comprehensive is the URL regexp from Component, though it will falsely detect some non-existent two-letter TLDs by looking at it.

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