Selenium IE WebDriver 仅在调试时有效 [英] Selenium IE WebDriver only works while debugging

查看：27 发布时间：2021/12/8 16:02:19 java selenium selenium-webdriver internet-explorer-11

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问题描述

我使用的是 Java Gradle、Selenium 3.8.0 和 IEWebDriver 3.8.0.

Chrome 和 Firefox 工作正常，但 IE 会抛出 org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException: Expected condition failed 异常，尽管 IE 也可以正常工作，如果我一步一步调试我的源代码.

因此我调试了很长时间才发现这个问题，我注意到每当调用 webDriver.get(..) 时，IE 就会断开 WebDriver 和源代码之间的连接，看起来像这样:

driver.get(url);waitForPageLoaded(驱动程序)；

因此，我认为存在一些时间问题，但我已经尝试处理:

public void waitForPageLoaded(WebDriver driver) {logger.debug("等待页面加载完毕.");//IE 似乎在这里失败了.新的 WebDriverWait(驱动程序，SeleniumConfigurator.TIME_OUT).until(d -> ((JavascriptExecutor)d).executeScript("return document.readyState").equals("完成"));}

然后我注意到 IE 需要一些更多的配置设置，但我不允许设置其中的一些:IT 限制 -> 我不能更改 regedit 条目.

但是，为什么在调试时它可以正常工作?

这是我的 IE 设置:

case IE:path = "../../../../../../resources/driver/win/IEDriverServer_32_v3-8-0.exe";url = getClass().getResource(path);如果(网址 == 空){logger.error("无法在+路径+"处找到Internet Explorer Web驱动程序二进制文件." +"此浏览器的所有测试都将被忽略.");currentBrowserType = BrowserType.UNDEFINED;休息;}尝试 {System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", Paths.get(url.toURI()).toFile().getAbsolutePath());} catch (URISyntaxException e) {e.printStackTrace();}//https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13077/unable-to-run-selenium-webdriver-script-in-ie11InternetExplorerOptions optionsIE = new InternetExplorerOptions();optionsIE.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IE_ENSURE_CLEAN_SESSION，真)；optionsIE.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS，真)；optionsIE.withAttachTimeout(SeleniumConfigurator.TIME_OUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS);//optionsIE.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.REQUIRE_WINDOW_FOCUS, true);webDriver = 新 InternetExplorerDriver(optionsIE);currentBrowserType = BrowserType.IE;休息;

我不知道这里出了什么问题..

第一个测试正常，之后出现超时异常(看评论):

@Testpublic void test_Contact() {在里面();util.logTestStart("在索引页测试联系人..");String xPath = "///*[@id='contact-link']/a";WebElement 元素 = webDriver.findElement(By.xpath(xPath));Assert.assertEquals(element.getAttribute("href"), "mailto:what@ever.com");}@测试public void test_LegalInformation() {在里面();util.logTestStart("测试索引页上的法律信息..");String xPath = "///*[@id='link-highlighted']/a";util.aTagClickByXPath(webDriver, xPath);Assert.assertEquals(webDriver.getCurrentUrl(), "http://whatever.com/");}私人无效初始化(){如果(配置器 == 空){配置器 = SeleniumConfigurator.getInstance();}如果 (webDriver != configurator.getWebDriver()) {webDriver = configurator.getWebDriver();}if (util == null) {util = new SeleniumTestUtil();}//默认打开本地主机util.goTo(webDriver, "http://localhost:8080/de/index");}public void aTagClickByXPath(WebDriver driver, String xPath) {logger.debug("点击a-Tag，xPath:" + xPath);WebElement 元素 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(xPath));元素点击()；//第一次点击有效，第二次点击失败，超时异常的原因waitForPageLoaded(驱动程序)；}

有人有提示吗?

org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException: Unable to get browser 暂时被抛出.超时异常不再出现.我什么都没变.

更多信息:

节点:


<div id="bike-link" class="pull-right"><a href="http://whatever.com/?lang=D">任何<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>
<div id="link-highlighted" class="pull-right"><a href="http://whatever2.com/"><!-- 这个-->合法的欣维斯<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>

<div id="contact-link" class="pull-right"><a href="mailto:what@ever.com">联系方式<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>

超时定义:

public static final int TIME_OUT = 15;

解决方案

您可能需要考虑以下几个事实:

首先:
```
public void waitForPageLoaded(WebDriver driver)
```
在我看来纯粹是开销.基本上不需要在WebDriverWait之上编写单独的包装函数.

根据 Selenium v3.8.1 中 WebDriverWait 的当前实现，构造函数如下:

WebDriverWait(WebDriver driver, Clock clock, Sleeper sleeper, long timeOutInSeconds, long sleepTimeOut)WebDriverWait(WebDriver 驱动程序，long timeOutInSeconds)WebDriverWait(WebDriver 驱动程序，long timeOutInSeconds，long sleepInMillis)

目前还不清楚您是如何实施的:

WebDriverWait(driver, SeleniumConfigurator.TIME_OUT)

参数看起来容易出错.

再次，until 条件
```
d ->((JavascriptExecutor)d).executeScript("return document.readyState").equals("complete")
```
是一种开销，因为 Client(即 Web 浏览器)永远不会将控制权返回给 WebDriver 实例，除非'document.readyState' 等于 "complete".一旦满足此条件Selenium 执行下一行的代码.因此函数
```
Boolean org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.until(Function arg0)
```
不会有任何影响.
值得一提的是，虽然 Client(即 Web 浏览器)可以将控制权返回给 WebDriver 实例一次 'document.readyState' 等于完整" 已实现，并不保证新WebElementsrel="nofollow noreferrer">HTML DOM 是 VISIBLE、INTERACTABLE 和 CLICKABLE.
最后，为了解决您的主要问题，我需要澄清节点 xPath = "//*[@id='link-highlighted']/a" 以确保是否调用 click() 会打开一个新选项卡或 url 被重定向.我没有看到你处理任何一个案例.

<小时>

解决方案

在处理 InternetExplorer 时，请记住 InternetExplorerDriver 在真实浏览器中运行并支持 Javascript.

通过:

设置浏览器焦点

capabilities.setCapability("requireWindowFocus", true);

如果click()打开一个新窗口，switch()通过window_handles

<小时>

参考文献

您可以在以下位置找到一些相关的详细讨论:

I am using Java Gradle, Selenium 3.8.0 and IEWebDriver 3.8.0.

Chrome and Firefox are working fine, but IE throws a org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException: Expected condition failed Exception, although IE also works fine, if I debug my source code step by step.

Therefore I debuged a long time to find that problem and I noticed that IE looses the connection between WebDriver and Source Code, whenever a webDriver.get(..) is called, whichs looks like that:

driver.get(url);
waitForPageLoaded(driver);

Because of that I assume that there are some timing issues, but I already tried to handle this:

public void waitForPageLoaded(WebDriver driver) {
        logger.debug("Wait until the page was loaded.");
        // IE seems to fail here.
        new WebDriverWait(driver, SeleniumConfigurator.TIME_OUT)
                .until(d -> ((JavascriptExecutor)d).executeScript("return document.readyState")
                        .equals("complete"));
    }

Then I noticed that IE needs some more configuration settings, but I am not allowed to setup some of them: IT restrictions -> I cannot change regedit entries.

BUT, why does it work fine, while debugging?

This is my IE setup:

case IE:
                path = "../../../../../../resources/driver/win/IEDriverServer_32_v3-8-0.exe";
                url = getClass().getResource(path);
                if (url == null) {
                    logger.error("Could not find the Internet Explorer web driver binary at " + path + " ." +
                            "All test for this browser will be ignored.");
                    currentBrowserType = BrowserType.UNDEFINED;
                    break;
                }
                try {
                    System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", Paths.get(url.toURI()).toFile().getAbsolutePath());
                } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                // https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13077/unable-to-run-selenium-webdriver-script-in-ie11
                InternetExplorerOptions optionsIE = new InternetExplorerOptions();
                optionsIE.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IE_ENSURE_CLEAN_SESSION, true);
                optionsIE.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS, true);
                optionsIE.withAttachTimeout(SeleniumConfigurator.TIME_OUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

                //optionsIE.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.REQUIRE_WINDOW_FOCUS, true);


                webDriver = new InternetExplorerDriver(optionsIE);
                currentBrowserType = BrowserType.IE;
                break;

I have no idea what's going wrong here..

The first test works fine, after that the timeout exception appears (take a look at the comment):

@Test
    public void test_Contact() {
        Init();

        util.logTestStart("Test contact on index page..");
        String xPath = "//*[@id='contact-link']/a";
        WebElement element = webDriver.findElement(By.xpath(xPath));
        Assert.assertEquals(element.getAttribute("href"), "mailto:what@ever.com");
    }


    @Test
    public void test_LegalInformation() {
        Init();

        util.logTestStart("Test legal information on index page..");
        String xPath = "//*[@id='link-highlighted']/a";
        util.aTagClickByXPath(webDriver, xPath);

        Assert.assertEquals(webDriver.getCurrentUrl(), "http://whatever.com/");
    }


private void Init() {
        if (configurator == null) {
            configurator = SeleniumConfigurator.getInstance();
        }

        if (webDriver != configurator.getWebDriver()) {
            webDriver = configurator.getWebDriver();
        }

        if (util == null) {
            util = new SeleniumTestUtil();
        }

        // Open localhost as default
        util.goTo(webDriver, "http://localhost:8080/de/index");
    }

public void aTagClickByXPath(WebDriver driver, String xPath) {
        logger.debug("Performing a click on an a-Tag, xPath: " + xPath);
        WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(xPath));
        element.click(); // First click works, second one fails, cause of Timeout Exception
        waitForPageLoaded(driver);
    }

Does anyone have a hint?

EDIT:

org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException: Unable to get browser get thrown for now. Timeout Exception didnt appears anymore. I changed nothing.

EDIT2:

Further information:

Node:

<div class="col-xs-12" id="link-container">
                <div id="bike-link" class="pull-right">
                    <a href="http://whatever.com/?lang=D">
                        whatever
                        <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i>
                    </a>
                </div>
                <div id="link-highlighted" class="pull-right">
                    <a href="http://whatever2.com/"> <!-- this one -->
                         Rechtliche Hinweise
                        <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i>
                    </a>
                </div>
                <div id="contact-link" class="pull-right">
                    <a href="mailto:what@ever.com">
                        Kontakt
                        <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i>
                    </a>
                </div>
            </div>

Timeout definition:

public static final int TIME_OUT = 15;

解决方案

There are a couple of facts which you may have to consider as follows :

First of all:
```
public void waitForPageLoaded(WebDriver driver)
```
looks to me as a pure overhead. There is basically no need to write a separate wrapper function on top of WebDriverWait.

As per the current implementation of WebDriverWait in Selenium v3.8.1 the Constructors are as follows :

WebDriverWait(WebDriver driver, Clock clock, Sleeper sleeper, long timeOutInSeconds, long sleepTimeOut) 
WebDriverWait(WebDriver driver, long timeOutInSeconds)
WebDriverWait(WebDriver driver, long timeOutInSeconds, long sleepInMillis)

It is pretty much unclear how you have implemented:

WebDriverWait(driver, SeleniumConfigurator.TIME_OUT)

The arguments looks error prone.

Again, the until condition
```
d -> ((JavascriptExecutor)d).executeScript("return document.readyState").equals("complete")
```
is a overhead because the Client (i.e. the Web Browser) will never return the control back to the WebDriver instance until and unless 'document.readyState' is equal to "complete". Once this condition is fulfilled Selenium performs the next line of code. Hence the function
```
Boolean org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.until(Function<? super WebDriver, Boolean> arg0)
```
will have no impact.
It's worth to mention that though the Client (i.e. the Web Browser) can return back the control to the WebDriver instance once 'document.readyState' equal to "complete" is achieved, it doesn't guarantees that all the WebElements on the new HTML DOM are VISIBLE, INTERACTABLE and CLICKABLE.
Finally, to address your main issue, I needed a clarification about the node xPath = "//*[@id='link-highlighted']/a" to ensure whether invoking click() opens a new tab or url gets redirected. I don't see you handling either of the cases.

Solution

While dealing with InternetExplorer, keep in mind InternetExplorerDriver runs in a real browser and supports Javascript.

Set the Browser Focus through :

capabilities.setCapability("requireWindowFocus", true);

If click() opens a new window, switch() through the window_handles

References

You can find a couple of relevant detailed discussions in:

这篇关于Selenium IE WebDriver 仅在调试时有效的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！

Selenium IE WebDriver 仅在调试时有效 [英] Selenium IE WebDriver only works while debugging

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Selenium IE WebDriver 仅在调试时有效 [英] Selenium IE WebDriver only works while debugging

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