在 Swift 中使用闭包实现委托? [英] Implement Delegate with Closure in Swift?

问题描述

Suppose I'm using Swift and calling a method in the framework that is expecting a delegate.

Is it possible to provide a closure and implement the delegate right there inline?

I'm hoping to be able to use this like anonymous classes in Java. For Example:

let cnx:NSURLConnection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: {
     func connection(connection: NSURLConnection!, didReceiveData data: NSData!){
         //append data
     }
     func connectionDidFinishLoading(connection: NSURLConnection){
         //all done
     }
});

解决方案

You can't define an anonymous class, but you can define a local class that works very similarly. I've actually migrated away from the inline class approach as the REPL seems to have problems with it even though it seems to be fine with the compiler. The approach I'm now using is to define a glue class which forwards methods to closures defined in the init, so it all feels very natural.

The URLConnectionDataDelegate is defined as:

class GreenUrlConnectionDataDelegate: NSObject, NSURLConnectionDataDelegate {
    var didFinishLoading:()->()
    var didReceiveResponse:((NSURLResponse!)->())?
    var didReceiveData:((NSData!)->())?
    var didFailWithError:((NSError!)->())?

    func connectionDidFinishLoading(conn:NSURLConnection!) {
        didFinishLoading()
    }

    func connection(conn:NSURLConnection!, didReceiveResponse response:NSURLResponse!) {
        didReceiveResponse?(response)
    }

    func connection(conn:NSURLConnection!, didReceiveData data:NSData!) {
        didReceiveData?(data)
    }

    func connection(conn:NSURLConnection!, didFailWithError error:NSError!) {
        didFailWithError?(error)
    }

    init(
        didFinishLoading:@escaping ()->(),
        didReceiveResponse:@escaping ((NSURLResponse!)->())? = nil,
        didReceiveData:@escaping ((NSData!)->())? = nil,
        didFailWithError:@escaping ((NSError!)->())? = nil
    ) {
        self.didFinishLoading = didFinishLoading
        self.didReceiveResponse = didReceiveResponse
        self.didReceiveData = didReceiveData
        self.didFailWithError = didFailWithError
    }
}

Which allows me to define a function with an inline delegate:

func downloadUrl(string:String, completion:(data:NSData?, error:NSError?) -> ()) {
    let url = NSURL(string:string)
    let request = NSURLRequest(URL: url)
    var received:NSMutableData! = nil
    let conn = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: GreenUrlConnectionDataDelegate(
            didFinishLoading:{
                completion(data:received, error:nil)
            },
            didReceiveResponse:{response in
                if let capacity = response?.expectedContentLength {
                    if capacity > 0 {
                        received = NSMutableData(capacity: Int(capacity))
                    }
                    else {
                        received = NSMutableData()
                    }
                }
            },
            didReceiveData:{data in
                if data != nil {
                    received.appendData(data)
                }
            },
            didFailWithError:{error in
                completion(data:nil, error:error)
            }
        )
    )
}

And the code to test it out in a playground:

downloadUrl("http://www.google.com") {
    (data:NSData?, error:NSError?) -> () in
    println("completion")
    println("data.size: (data?.length)")
    println("error: (error?.localizedDescription)")
}

XCPSetExecutionShouldContinueIndefinitely()

You could conceivably even embed the glue class into an extension to the class requiring the delegate, although I haven't tried that out yet.

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