是否 std::array<>只保证在堆栈上分配? [英] Does std::array<> guarantee allocation on the stack only?

问题描述

std::array<int,10>(我自己不使用 new)是否保证被 C++ 标准分配在堆栈中而不是堆中?

Is std::array<int,10> (without myself using new) guaranteed to be allocated in the stack rather then the heap by the C++-Standard?

要清楚，我的意思不是 new std::array.我主要想知道，是否允许标准库在其实现中使用 new.

To be clear, I do not mean new std::array<int, 10>. I mainly wonder, if the standard library is allowed to use new inside its implementation.

推荐答案

我在标准中找不到更明确的答案，但是 [array.overview]/2:

I could not find more explicit answer in the standard, but [array.overview]/2:

数组是一个聚合 ([dcl.init.aggr])，最多可以用 N 个元素进行列表初始化类型可转换为 T.

An array is an aggregate ([dcl.init.aggr]) that can be list-initialized with up to N elements whose types are convertible to T.

还有 [dcl.init.aggr]/1:

聚合是一个数组或一个类(子句[class])with

• 没有用户提供的、显式或继承的构造函数([class.ctor])，

• no user-provided, explicit, or inherited constructors ([class.ctor]),

...

这差不多涵盖了它.聚合不可能动态分配内存(或者可能在构建过程中自己做任何事情).只有一个隐式声明的普通构造函数.

That about covers it. No way an aggregate could allocate memory dynamically (or perhaps, do anything at all at its own during the construction). There's only an implicitly-declared trivial constructor.

^{当然，如果你new std::array<...>，你会在堆"上得到一个数组.}

^{Of course, if you new std::array<...>, you get an array on "the heap".}

有些人可能对我们在 cppreference 上获得的内容更满意:

Some may be more satisfied by what we can get on cppreference:

std::array是封装固定大小数组的容器.

std::array is a container that encapsulates fixed size arrays.

此容器是一种聚合类型，其语义与将 C 样式数组 T[N] 作为其唯一非静态数据成员的结构相同.

This container is an aggregate type with the same semantics as a struct holding a C-style array T[N] as its only non-static data member.

<小时>

第三，std::array是在C++11中引入的.为什么?例如，在某些方面补充 std::vector，例如在不允许动态分配的 constexpr 函数中使用.

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Thirdly, std::array was introduced in C++11. Why? For example, to complement std::vector in some ways, like usage in constexpr functions, where dynamic allocation is not allowed.

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