根据文件名字符批处理文件来复制文件 [英] Batch file to copy files based on characters in filename

问题描述

我需要一个批处理文件从一个文件夹复制到多个文件夹，根据文件名复制文件。该文件的形式aBBccccc.txt a和加勒比共同体气候变化没有关系的，但是BB有2个字符codeS。例如文件aQWertyu.txt aWErtyui.txt应该由脚本分别复制到文件夹QW和WE，而这些文件夹将被创建。

I need a batch file to copy files from a single folder to multiple folders, based on filename. The files are of the form aBBccccc.txt where a and ccccc do not matter, but BB are 2 character codes. For example files aQWertyu.txt aWErtyui.txt should be copied to folders QW and WE respectively, and these folders will be created by the script.

我见过使用FOR / F示例脚本，但看不到如何解析文件，检查字符2和3，然后创建该文件夹，复制文件。

I've seen example scripts using the FOR /f, but cannot see how to parse the file, examine characters 2 and 3, then create the folder, and copy the files.

感谢。

推荐答案

这需要多个部分：

1. 延迟扩展。这需要从下面的循环中获得一个子

1. Delayed expansion. This is needed to get a substring from within the loop below:

setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion

A 为循环用于遍历文件

for %%x in (*.txt) do (

找到相关的字符串：

Find the relevant substring:

    set "filename=%%x"
    set "folder=!filename:~1,2!"

请注意使用！文件名！在这里。这是使用延迟扩展。通常，环境变量与％文件名％引用，但这些将被扩展时的解析<​​/ em>的完整的循环那么这将减少％文件名％不了了之。延迟扩展，使用！解决这个问题。

Note the use of !filename! here. This is using delayed expansion. Normally environment variables are referenced with %filename% but those would be expanded when parsing the complete loop which would then reduce %filename% to nothing. Delayed expansion, using ! solves this.

创建文件夹：

    if not exist !folder! mkdir !folder!

此仅创建，如果它不存在的文件夹。

This only creates the folder if it doesn't yet exist.

将文件复制：

    copy "%%x" !folder!
)

全部放在一起：

@echo off
setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
for %%x in (*.txt) do (
  set "filename=%%x"
  set "folder=!filename:~1,2!"
  if not exist !folder! mkdir !folder!
  copy "%%x" !folder!
)

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