什么是构建工具？ [英] What is a build tool?

问题描述

有关过去4年中，我一直在编程与Eclipse（用于Java），和Visual Studio防爆preSS（对于C＃）。在IDE中提到似乎总是提供一切便利程序员可能会要求（与编程，当然）。

最近，我一直听到关于所谓构建工具。我听说他们在各种现实世界的发展几乎使用。它们是什么是什么呢？有什么问题，他们设计解决？为什么我从来没有需要他们在过去的四年里？它们是一种精简的IDE命令行？

解决方案

什么是构建工具？

  

构建工具是自动化的可执行程序创建
  从源头code应用程序（如.apk文件的Andr​​oid应用程序）。建造
  集成编译，链接和打包code预定可使用或者
  可执行的形式。

  
  

基本上构建自动化脚本是自动还是一个行为
  各种各样的软件开发人员在做任务的一天到一天
  活动，如：

  
  

  
1. 下载的依赖关系。

  
2. 编译源$ C ​​$ C成二进制code。

  
3. 包装二进制code。

  
4. 运行测试。

  
5. 部署到生产系统。

  

为什么我们使用构建工具或构建自动化？

  

在小项目，开发商往往会手动调用编译
  处理。这是不实际的大型项目，它是非常
  很难保持的需要建立什么轨道，以何种顺序与
  哪些依赖有在建设过程中。使用
  自动化工具使构建过程更加一致。

各种编译可用的工具（命名只有少数）：

  

  
1. 对于Java - 蚂蚁，Maven的，摇篮
。
  
2. 对于.NET框架 - 楠

  
3. C＃ - 的MSBuild

  

如需进一步阅读，你可以参考以下链接：

  

1。构建自动化

  
  

2。构建自动化软件的列表

感谢。

For past 4 years, I have been programming with Eclipse (for Java), and Visual Studio Express (for C#). The IDEs mentioned always seemed to provide every facility a programmer might ask for (related to programming, of course).

Lately I have been hearing about something called "build tools". I heard they're used almost in all kind of real world development. What are they exactly? What problems are they designed to solve? How come I never needed them in past four years? Are they kind of command-line stripped down IDEs?

解决方案

What are build tools?

Build tools are programs that automate the creation of executable applications from source code(eg. .apk for android app). Building incorporates compiling,linking and packaging the code into a usable or executable form.

Basically build automation is the act of scripting or automating a wide variety of tasks that software developers do in their day-to-day activities like:

1. Downloading dependencies.
2. Compiling source code into binary code.
3. Packaging that binary code.
4. Running tests.
5. Deployment to production systems.

Why do we use build tools or build automation?

In small projects, developers will often manually invoke the build process. This is not practical for larger projects, where it is very hard to keep track of what needs to be built, in what sequence and what dependencies there are in the building process. Using an automation tool allows the build process to be more consistent.

Various build tools available(Naming only few):

1. For java - Ant,Maven,Gradle.
2. For .NET framework - NAnt
3. c# - MsBuild.

For further reading you can refer following links:

1.Build automation

2.List of build automation software

Thanks.

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