如何获取Python异常文本 [英] How to get Python exception text

问题描述

我想在我的C ++应用程序中嵌入python。我使用Boost库 - 伟大的工具。但我有一个问题。

如果python函数抛出一个异常，我想抓住它，并在我的应用程序打印错误或得到一些详细的信息，如python脚本中的行号， p>

我该怎么办呢？我找不到任何函数来获取Python API或Boost中的详细异常信息。

  try {
 module = import（MyModule）; //如果MyModule包含一个错误，这行会抛出excetion 
} catch（error_already_set const&）{
 //这里我可以说我有错误，但我无法确定是什么导致错误
 std :: cout<< 错误！ << std :: endl; 
} 
  

PyErr_Print（）只是将错误文本打印到stderr并清除错误，

解决方案

好吧，我找到了怎么办。

没有提升（只有错误消息，因为从traceback提取信息的代码太重，不能在这里张贴）：

  PyObject * ptype，* pvalue，* ptraceback; 
 PyErr_Fetch（& ptype，& pvalue，& ptraceback）; 
 // pvalue包含错误消息
 // ptraceback包含堆栈快照和许多其他信息
 //（参见python traceback结构）
 
 //获取错误消息
 char * pStrErrorMessage = PyString_AsString（pvalue）; 
  

和BOOST版本

  try {
 //一些抛出错误的代码
} catch（error_already_set&）{
 
 PyObject * ptype，* pvalue，* ptraceback; 
 PyErr_Fetch（& ptype，& pvalue，& ptraceback）; 
 
句柄<> hType（ptype）; 
 object extype（hType）; 
句柄<> hTraceback（ptraceback）; 
 object traceback（hTraceback）; 
 
 //提取错误消息
 string strErrorMessage = extract< string>（pvalue）; 
 
 //提取行号（调用堆栈的顶部条目）
 //如果要提取另一级别的调用堆栈
 //也可以处理traceback.attr（tb_next ）recurently 
 long lineno = extract< long> （traceback.attr（tb_lineno））; 
 string filename = extract< string>（traceback.attr（tb_frame）。attr（f_code）。attr（co_filename））; 
 string funcname = extract< string>（traceback.attr（tb_frame）。attr（f_code）。attr（co_name））; 
 ... // cleanup here 
  

I want to embed python in my C++ application. I'm using Boost library - great tool. But i have one problem.

If python function throws an exception, i want to catch it and print error in my application or get some detailed information like line number in python script that caused error.

How can i do it? I can't find any functions to get detailed exception information in Python API or Boost.

try {
module=import("MyModule"); //this line will throw excetion if MyModule contains an   error
} catch ( error_already_set const & ) {
//Here i can said that i have error, but i cant determine what caused an error
std::cout << "error!" << std::endl;
}

PyErr_Print() just prints error text to stderr and clears error so it can't be solution

解决方案

Well, I found out how to do it.

Without boost (only error message, because code to extract info from traceback is too heavy to post it here):

PyObject *ptype, *pvalue, *ptraceback;
PyErr_Fetch(&ptype, &pvalue, &ptraceback);
//pvalue contains error message
//ptraceback contains stack snapshot and many other information
//(see python traceback structure)

//Get error message
char *pStrErrorMessage = PyString_AsString(pvalue);

And BOOST version

try{
//some code that throws an error
}catch(error_already_set &){

    PyObject *ptype, *pvalue, *ptraceback;
    PyErr_Fetch(&ptype, &pvalue, &ptraceback);

    handle<> hType(ptype);
    object extype(hType);
    handle<> hTraceback(ptraceback);
    object traceback(hTraceback);

    //Extract error message
    string strErrorMessage = extract<string>(pvalue);

    //Extract line number (top entry of call stack)
    // if you want to extract another levels of call stack
    // also process traceback.attr("tb_next") recurently
    long lineno = extract<long> (traceback.attr("tb_lineno"));
    string filename = extract<string>(traceback.attr("tb_frame").attr("f_code").attr("co_filename"));
    string funcname = extract<string>(traceback.attr("tb_frame").attr("f_code").attr("co_name"));
... //cleanup here

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