使用-MM生成include指令和依赖生成 [英] make include directive and dependency generation with -MM

问题描述

如果include的目标已过期或不存在，我想要一个构造规则由include指令触发。

I want a build rule to be triggered by an include directive if the target of the include is out of date or doesn't exist.

目前makefile像这样：

Currently the makefile looks like this:

program_NAME := wget++
program_H_SRCS := $(wildcard *.h)
program_CXX_SRCS := $(wildcard *.cpp)
program_CXX_OBJS := ${program_CXX_SRCS:.cpp=.o}
program_OBJS := $(program_CXX_OBJS)

DEPS = make.deps

.PHONY: all clean distclean

all: $(program_NAME) $(DEPS)

$(program_NAME): $(program_OBJS)
    $(LINK.cc) $(program_OBJS) -o $(program_NAME)

clean:
    @- $(RM) $(program_NAME)
    @- $(RM) $(program_OBJS)
    @- $(RM) make.deps

distclean: clean

make.deps: $(program_CXX_SRCS) $(program_H_SRCS)
    $(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) -MM $(program_CXX_SRCS) > make.deps

include $(DEPS)

问题是似乎include指令是在规则之前执行make.deps，这有效地意味着make或者没有依赖列表，如果make.deps不存在或者总是从上一个版本获取make.deps，而不是当前版本

The problem is that it seems like the include directive is executing before the rule to build make.deps which effectively means that make is either getting no dependency list if make.deps doesn't exist or always getting the make.deps from the previous build and not the current one.

例如：

$ make clean 
$ make
makefile:32: make.deps: No such file or directory
g++  -MM addrCache.cpp connCache.cpp httpClient.cpp wget++.cpp > make.deps
g++    -c -o addrCache.o addrCache.cpp
g++    -c -o connCache.o connCache.cpp
g++    -c -o httpClient.o httpClient.cpp
g++    -c -o wget++.o wget++.cpp
g++      addrCache.o connCache.o httpClient.o wget++.o -o wget++

编辑

我阅读了 include指令的文档，它听起来像包含目标不存在它会继续处理父makefile try和构建目标，但它不是完全清楚我是如何工作：

I read the docs for the include directive, and it sounds like if the include target doesn't exist it will continue processing the parent makefile try and build the target, but it's not completely clear to me how this works:

如果包含的makefile不能是
在任何在这些目录中，生成一个
警告消息，但它
不是一个立即致命的错误;
处理包含
的makefile包含继续。一旦它有
完成阅读makefile，make将
尝试重新制作任何过时的
或不存在。参见如何
Makefile的Remade。只有在
尝试找到一个方法来重新创建一个
makefile并失败后，将使
诊断丢失的makefile为
致命错误。

If an included makefile cannot be found in any of these directories, a warning message is generated, but it is not an immediately fatal error; processing of the makefile containing the include continues. Once it has finished reading makefiles, make will try to remake any that are out of date or don't exist. See section How Makefiles Are Remade. Only after it has tried to find a way to remake a makefile and failed, will make diagnose the missing makefile as a fatal error.

ANSWER

这是我接受的答案的修改。缺少的一个事情是依赖文件也依赖于源，并且不会被重新生成，除非它们被添加到包含的deps文件：

This is a modification of the answer I accepted. The one thing missing was that the dependency files also depend on the sources, and won't get regenerated unless they are added to the deps files which are being included:

%.d: $(program_CXX_SRCS)
    @ $(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) -MM $*.cpp | sed -e 's@^\(.*\)\.o:@\1.d \1.o:@' > $@

sed .d 文件到每个依赖项行的开头，如下所示：

sed adds the name of the .d file to the beginning of each dependency line like so:

foo.d foo.o: foo.cpp foo.h bar.h baz.h

这个惊人的文章对递归make危险的想法：

I got the idea from this amazing paper on the dangers of recursive make:

递归使用有害

我还在makefile中添加以下内容：

I also add the following to the makefile:

clean_list += ${program_SRCS:.c=.d}

# At the end of the makefile
# Include the list of dependancies generated for each object file
# unless make was called with target clean
ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
-include ${program_SRCS:.c=.d}
endif

推荐答案

您正在依靠隐式规则来编译.cpp文件。您必须重新定义它才能使用将创建依赖文件的-MM和-MF标志。

You are relying on an implicit rule to compile your .cpp files. You have to redefine it to use the -MM and -MF flags that will create the dependency file.

%.o: %.cpp
    $(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $< -o $@ -MM -MF $@.d

然后，您必须包括这些依赖文件在Makefile中，使用 -include ，当依赖文件不存在时（第一次或清除后），它不会报错。

Then, you have to include these dependencies files in the Makefile, using -include that will not error when the dependencies files do not exist yet (on the first time, or after a clean).

program_DEPS := $(program_OBJS:.o=.o.d)
-include $(program_DEPS)

并记住在清理规则中为依赖文件添加rm命令。

And remember to add the rm command for the dependencies files in the clean rule.

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