读输入由空格或换行符分隔? [英] read input separated by whitespace(s) or newline...?

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问题描述

我从标准输入流中获取输入。如

  1 2 3 4 5 

  1 
2
3
4
5

我使用的是:

  std :: string in; 
std :: getline(std :: cin,in);

但是,只是抓住了换行符,正确?

解决方案

如何获取输入,不管它们是否由换行符OR空格分隔,只使用iosteam,string和cstdlib?只需使用:

  your_type x; 
while(std :: cin>> x)
{
//使用x
}


operator>> 将跳过空格。你可以链接东西一次读取几个变量:

  if(std :: cin>> my_string> my_number)
//使用它们

getline / code>读取一行上的所有内容,返回它是空的还是包含数十个空格分隔的元素。如果你提供可选的替代分隔符ala getline(std :: cin,my_string,'')它仍然不会做你想要的,标签将被读入 my_string



这可能不需要,但是一个相当常见的要求,感兴趣的有些时候很快是读取一个换行符,然后拆分成组件...

  std :: string线; 
while(std :: getline(std :: cin,line))
{
std :: istringstream iss(line);
first_type first_on_line;
second_type second_on_line;
third_type third_on_line;
if(iss>> first_on_line>> second_on_line>> third_on_line)
...
}


I'm grabbing input from a standard input stream. Such as,

1 2 3 4 5

or

1
2
3
4
5

I'm using:

std::string in;
std::getline(std::cin, in);

But that just grabs upto the newline, correct? How can I get input whether they are separated by newline OR whitespace(s) using only iosteam, string, and cstdlib?

解决方案

Just use:

your_type x;
while (std::cin >> x)
{
    // use x
}

operator>> will skip whitespace by default. You can chain things to read several variables at once:

if (std::cin >> my_string >> my_number)
    // use them both

getline() reads everything on a single line, returning that whether it's empty or contains dozens of space-separated elements. If you provide the optional alternative delimiter ala getline(std::cin, my_string, ' ') it still won't do what you seem to want, e.g. tabs will be read into my_string.

Probably not needed for this, but a fairly common requirement that you may be interested in sometime soon is to read a single newline-delimited line, then split it into components...

std::string line;
while (std::getline(std::cin, line))
{
    std::istringstream iss(line);
    first_type first_on_line;
    second_type second_on_line;
    third_type third_on_line;
    if (iss >> first_on_line >> second_on_line >> third_on_line)
        ...
}

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