Java实用程序类与服务 [英] Java Utility Class vs. Service

问题描述

实用程序类（具有静态方法的类）和Service类（具有提供服务的公共方法的类）之间的Java有什么区别。例如，可以认为，加密对象（提供加密，解密，散列或获取盐值的方法）是一个服务提供者，但是许多使用静态方法将此功能组合到一个Utility类中，如CryptoUtil.encrypt（..） ）。我试图找出哪种方式遵循更好的设计。想法？

What's the difference in Java between a utility class (a class with static methods) and a Service class (a class with public methods that provides a "service"). For example, one can argue that a cryptographic object (providing methods to encrypt, decrypt, hash or get a salt value) is a Service provider, but many group this functionality into a Utility class with static methods, like CryptoUtil.encrypt(...). I'm trying to figure out which way follows better "design". Thoughts?

推荐答案

可以通过使用不同的服务对象来获得不同的行为。实用程序类中的静态方法不能被换出。这对于测试，更改实现和其他目的非常有用。

Different behaviors can be obtained by using different service objects. Static methods in a utility class can't be swapped out. This is extremely useful for testing, changing implementations, and other purposes.

例如，你提到一个 CryptoUtil 加一个 encrypt 方法。有不同的对象可以支持不同的加密策略，不同的消息收件人等，这将非常有用。

For example, you mention a CryptoUtil with an encrypt method. It would extremely useful to have different objects that could support different encryption strategies, different message recipients, etc.

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