创建一个Spring 4 MVC项目，带有注释，没有xml文件 [英] Creating a Spring 4 MVC project with annotations and no xml files

问题描述

我是Spring MVC和Hibernate的新手。我正在尝试通过以下教程开始一个项目，但我遇到问题，因为我的项目结构与我正在阅读的教程不符。

我已经下载最新的STS和我确实看到了创建Spring MVC项目的选项。但是它基于Spring 3，仍然使用XML文件。从我所看到的，从Spring 3开始，它看起来就像一个没有XML文件的方法。我更喜欢对XML文件的注释。

如何创建一个基于注释的Spring MVC 4应用程序，并最终依赖于xml文件？

编辑：
我想创建一个web项目

解决方案

这是一个完整的java配置的一个例子。您将需要：

• 扩展一个类 AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer 替换旧的 web.xml 文件


• 一个或多个 @Configuration 注释类（es）进行初始化一个或多个 @Configuration annotated class（es）来初始化 DispatcherServlet context（替换旧的 dispatcher-servlet.xml ）

这是 web.xml ：

  public class WebAppConf extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
 
 @Override 
 protected Class<？> [ ] getRootConfigClasses（）{
 //声明根上下文配置类
返回新的类<？> [] {RootConf.class}; 
 
 
 @Override 
 protected Class<？> [] getServletConfigClasses（）{
 //声明servlet上下文配置类
 return new Class& ？> [] {ServletConf.class}; 
} 
 
 @Override 
 protected String [] getServletMappings（）{
 // DispatcherServlet的映射
 return new String [] {/} ; 
} 
 
 @Override 
 protected void customizeRegistration（动态注册）{
 //附加配置，此处为MultipartConfig 
 super.customizeRegistration（注册）; 
 MultipartConfigElement multipartConf = new MultipartConfigElement（，200000L，-1L，0）; 
 registration.setMultipartConfig（multipartConf）; 
} 
} 
  

RootConf 将声明商业模式，服务和豆豆，并不在这里显示。

ServletConf 声明控制器和servlet配置：

  @Configuration 
 @EnableWebMvc 
 //声明在哪里找到注释控制器
 @ComponentScan（{org.example.web}）
 public class ServletConf extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
 @Bean 
 MultipartResolver multipartResolver（）{
返回新的StandardServletMultipartResolver（）; 
} 
 @Bean 
 ViewResolver internalViewResolver（）{
 //视图解析器bean ... 
 InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver（）; 
 resolver.setPrefix（/ WEB-INF / jsp /）; 
 resolver.setSuffix（。jsp）; 
 return resolver; 
} 
} 
  

如上所述，它是squeletal，但它来了从一个工作的最小化的例子，所以你应该能够从这开始，并随意扩展。在我的示例中，上述三个类生活在一个 org.example.config 包中，永远不会被扫描以自动检测其他配置类或注释的bean。

希望它有帮助...

I'm new to Spring MVC and Hibernate. I'm trying to start a project by following tutorials but I have been running into problems as my project structure is not consistent with the tutorials I am reading.

I have downloaded the latest STS and I do see the option of creating an Spring MVC project. However it is based on Spring 3 and still uses XML files. From what I have read it looks like there is a way to do it without XML files since Spring 3. I prefer annotations over XML files greatly.

How can I create a Spring MVC 4 application that is based on annotations and relies on xml files minimally?

EDIT: I want to create a web project

解决方案

Here is a squeletal example of full java configuration. You will need :

• a class extending AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer to replace the old web.xml file
• one or more @Configuration annotaded class(es) to initialize the root context (replaces the old applicationContext.xml)
• one or more @Configuration annotaded class(es) to initialize the DispatcherServlet context (replaces the old dispatcher-servlet.xml)

This is the web.xml :

public class WebAppConf extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer  {

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        // declare root context configuration classes
        return new Class<?>[]{ RootConf.class };
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        // declare servlet context configuration classes
        return new Class<?>[]{ ServletConf.class };
    }

    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        // mapping of DispatcherServlet
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }

    @Override
    protected void customizeRegistration(Dynamic registration) {
        // additional configuration, here for MultipartConfig
        super.customizeRegistration(registration);
        MultipartConfigElement multipartConf = new MultipartConfigElement("", 200000L, -1L, 0);
        registration.setMultipartConfig(multipartConf);
    }
}

RootConf will declare business model, service and dao beans and is not shown here.

ServletConf declares the controllers and servlet configuration :

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
// declare where to find annotated controllers
@ComponentScan({"org.example.web"})
public class ServletConf extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    @Bean
    MultipartResolver multipartResolver() {
        return new StandardServletMultipartResolver();
    }
    @Bean
    ViewResolver internalViewResolver() {
        // the view resolver bean ...
        InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/jsp/");
        resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        return resolver;
    }
}

As said above, it is squeletal, but it comes from a working minimal example so you should be able to start with that and extend it at will. In my example, the above three classes live in a org.example.config package that will never be scanned for autodetecting other configuration classes or annotated beans.

Hope it helps ...

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