安装json gem时出错'mkmf.rb无法找到ruby的头文件' [英] Error while installing json gem 'mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby'

问题描述

对于上下文，它位于具有防火墙的远程服务器上。我通过代理设置我的环境。我有 ruby​​ 1.8.7 。当我尝试安装gem时..

  sudo gem install --http-proxy<主机地址>：< port> json 
  

我得到以下错误：

 构建原生扩展。这可能需要一段时间... 
错误：安装json时出错：
错误：无法构建gem本机扩展。 
 
 / usr / bin / ruby​​ extconf.rb 
 mkmf.rb在/usr/lib/ruby/ruby.h找不到头文件
 
 Gem文件将保留安装在/usr/lib64/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/json-1.8.1中进行检查。 
结果记录到/usr/lib64/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generator/gem_make.out 
  

因为我不确定问题出在哪里，所以我搜索了一下，发现这些

• gem install：无法构建gem原生扩展（找不到头文件） - 这里的说明似乎是特定于正在安装的gem。

如何安装json gem - 无法构建宝石原生扩展这似乎是稍有不同的错误。 感谢！
现代时代的更新，如由mimoralea 声明：




如果您使用的是ruby 2.0或2.2（感谢@ patrick-davey）。



  sudo apt-get install ruby​​-dev $ b $ sudo apt-get install ruby​​2.0-dev $ b $ sudo apt-get install ruby​​2.2-dev $ b $ sudo apt-get install ruby​​2.3 -dev 
  




或通用方式：




  sudo apt-get install ruby​​`ruby -e'puts RUBY_VERSION [/\d+\.\d+/ ]'`-dev 
  








---





您发布的第一个链接完全是您的情况：没有安装ruby开发环境。编译ruby扩展需要开发环境，这些扩展主要是用 C 编写的。代理与问题无关：所有内容都可以正常下载，只是编译失败。





我建议您安装 ruby​​-dev

code>（ ruby​​-devel 用于基于rpm的发行版）打包到目标机器上。 gcc 包也可能需要。




尝试：

  $ sudo apt-get install ruby​​-dev 
  

或者，对于Redhat发行版：



  $ sudo yum install ruby​​-devel 
  

或者，对于[open] SuSE：



  $ sudo zypper install ruby​​-devel 
  




For context, it on a remote server which has a firewall. I'm setting up my environment through a proxy. I have ruby 1.8.7. When I try to gem install..

sudo gem install --http-proxy <host address>:<port> json

I get the following error:

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing json:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

/usr/bin/ruby extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/ruby.h

Gem files will remain installed in /usr/lib64/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/json-1.8.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /usr/lib64/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generator/gem_make.out

Since I was unsure what the problem is, I googled and found these

• gem install: Failed to build gem native extension (can't find header files) - the instructions here seem to be specific to the gem being installed.

• How to install json gem - Failed to build gem native extension This seems to be slightly different error.

Any hints? Thanks!

解决方案

Modern era update, as stated by mimoralea:

In case that you are using ruby 2.0 or 2.2 (thanks @patrick-davey).

sudo apt-get install ruby-dev
sudo apt-get install ruby2.0-dev
sudo apt-get install ruby2.2-dev
sudo apt-get install ruby2.3-dev

or, generic way:

sudo apt-get install ruby`ruby -e 'puts RUBY_VERSION[/\d+\.\d+/]'`-dev

---

The first link you’ve posted is exactly your case: there is no ruby development environment installed. Development env is needed to compile ruby extensions, which are mostly written in C. Proxy has nothing to do with the problem: everything is downloaded fine, just compilation fails.

I would suggest you to install ruby-dev (ruby-devel for rpm-based distros) package onto you target machine. gcc package might be needed as well.

Try:

$ sudo apt-get install ruby-dev

Or, for Redhat distro:

$ sudo yum install ruby-devel

Or, for [open]SuSE:

$ sudo zypper install ruby-devel

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