我怎样才能在ggplot2 / R中的绘图轴限制之外添加垂直线和水平文本？ [英] How can I add vertical lines and horizontal text out of the plot axis limits in ggplot2/R?

问题描述

我有一个主要由ggplot2制作的barplot。我想要添加两条垂直线，并在x轴下面添加一些文字。

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ b $ < 3L，5L，6L，8L，11L，13L，12L，10L，9L，7L），.Label = c（Bahr等人，Fuller等人，Garbossa等人，Gokhale等人， Iuchi等，Lee等，Lee Y等，Merrel等，Newton等，Rossetti等，Usery等，Wychowski等， （例如Zachenhofer等人），class =factor），nAE = c（-22L，-34L，-158L，-90L，-70L，-41L，-48L，-32L，-73L，-23L，-25L， （3L，1L，7L，1L，3L，10L，3L，6L，3L，5L，4L，6L，5L），SAE = c（0L，1L，0L，0L， 0L，0L，0L，2L，0L，2L，0L，0L）），.Names = c（author，nAE，AE，SAE），class =data.frame， row.names = c（NA，-13L））

代码到我的barplot：

 图书馆（dplyr）
图书馆（tidyr）
图书馆（ggplot2）
 
类别< ;  -  c（＃f6766d，＃01bfc4，orange）
 
 
q < -  d％ gt;％
 gather（key，value，-author）％>％
 ggplot（aes（author，value，fill = key））+ 
 geom_col（alpha = 0.9）+ 
 scale_x_discrete（name =Author）+ 
 scale_y_continuous（name =Number of observations，limits = c（-160,15），
 seq（-160,15，by = 10 ）+ 
 theme_grey（）+ 
主题（legend.position =top）+ 
 scale_fill_manual（labels = categories，values = cols）+ 
 labs（fill = ）
  

我附上了一张如何让我的barplot看起来像的照片。正如你所看到的，我添加了两条垂直线（随机位置）和三条文本（位于photoshop）。

stack.imgur.com/vTX3p.pngrel =nofollow noreferrer>

在此先感谢您，
C。

解决方案

垂直线完全没有问题。只需使用：

  + 
 geom_vline（xintercept = 3.5，color =red）+ 
 geom_vline （xintercept = 10.5，color =red）
  

值3.5和10.5表示行截距第三和第四个之间的x轴和第十和第十一个作者之间的x轴。

尽管在剧情之外添加文字是一个完全不同的野兽。我能想到的最干净的方式是在剧情内添加文本：

  y < -  min（d $ nAE ）+ 10 
 textaes<  -  data.frame（y = c（y，y，y），
x = c（2,7,12），
 lab = c（Text1 （key，value，作者）％>％
 ggplot（aes（x =作者，y = value，fill = key））+ 
 geom_col（alpha = 0.9）+ 
 scale_x_discrete（name =Author）+ 
 scale_y_continuous（name =Number of observations，限制= c（-160,15），
 seq（-160,15，by = 10），expand = c（0.15,0.05））+ 
 theme_grey（）+ 
主题legend.position =top，
 axis.text.x = element_text（angle = 90，hjust = 1））+ 
 scale_fill_manual（labels = categories，values = cols）+ 
 labs （fill =）+ 
 geom_vline（xintercept = 3.5，color =red）+ 
 geom_vline（xintercept = 10.5，color =red）+ 
 geom_text（mapping = aes （y = y，x = x，label = lab），
 data = textaes，inherit.aes = FALSE）
q 
  

编辑：刚刚找到一个相对简单的方法来添加文字以外的剧情

I have a barplot made primarily in ggplot2. I want two vertical lines added and some text below the x-axis.

#Load data
d <- structure(list(author = structure(c(1L, 2L, 4L, 3L, 5L, 6L, 8L, 11L, 13L, 12L, 10L, 9L, 7L), .Label = c("Bahr et al", "Fuller et al", "Garbossa et al", "Gokhale et al", "Iuchi et al", "Lee et al", "Lee Y et all", "Merrel et al", "Newton et al", "Rossetti et al", "Usery et al", "Wychowski et al", "Zachenhofer et al"), class = "factor"), nAE = c(-22L, -34L, -158L, -90L, -70L, -41L, -48L, -32L, -73L, -23L, -25L, -13L, -46L), AE = c(3L, 1L, 7L, 1L, 3L, 10L, 3L, 6L, 3L, 5L, 4L, 6L, 5L), SAE = c(0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 2L, 0L, 2L, 0L, 0L)), .Names = c("author", "nAE", "AE", "SAE"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -13L))

Code to my barplot:

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
library(ggplot2)

categories <- c("Adverse Effect", "No adverse effects", "Severe side effects")
cols <- c("#f6766d", "#01bfc4", "orange")


q <- d %>% 
gather(key, value, -author) %>% 
ggplot(aes(author, value, fill = key)) +
geom_col(alpha=0.9) + 
scale_x_discrete(name="Author") +
scale_y_continuous(name="Number of observations", limits=c(-160,15), 
seq(-160, 15, by=10)) +
theme_grey() +
theme(legend.position = "top") +
scale_fill_manual(labels = categories, values = cols) + 
labs(fill = "")

I have attached a picture below of how I want my barplot to look like. As you can see, I have added two vertical lines (at random position) and three texts (in photoshop).

Thanks in advance, C.

解决方案

The vertical lines are no problem at all. Simply use:

  +
  geom_vline(xintercept= 3.5, colour = "red") + 
  geom_vline(xintercept= 10.5, colour = "red")

The values 3.5 and 10.5 mean that the lines intercept the x-axis between the third and fourth and respective between the tenth and eleventh author.

Adding text outside the plot is a whole different beast though. The "cleanest" way I could think of is adding the text inside the plot:

y <- min(d$nAE) + 10
textaes <- data.frame(y = c(y, y, y),
                      x = c(2, 7, 12),
                      lab = c("Text1", "Text2", "Text3"))
q <- d %>% 
  gather(key, value, -author) %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x=author, y=value, fill = key)) +
  geom_col(alpha=0.9) + 
  scale_x_discrete(name="Author") +
  scale_y_continuous(name="Number of observations", limits=c(-160,15), 
                     seq(-160, 15, by=10), expand = c(0.15, 0.05)) +
  theme_grey() +
  theme(legend.position = "top",
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1)) +
  scale_fill_manual(labels = categories, values = cols) + 
  labs(fill = "") +
  geom_vline(xintercept= 3.5, colour = "red") + 
  geom_vline(xintercept= 10.5, colour = "red") +
  geom_text(mapping = aes(y = y, x = x, label = lab), 
            data = textaes, inherit.aes = FALSE)
q

EDIT: Just found a relatively easy way to add text outside the plot here. But I don't think it's a very nice solution:

q <- d %>% 
  gather(key, value, -author) %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x=author, y=value, fill = key)) +
  geom_col(alpha=0.9) + 
  scale_x_discrete(name="Author") +
  scale_y_continuous(name="Number of observations", limits=c(-160,15), 
                     seq(-160, 15, by=10), expand = c(0.15, 0.05)) +
  theme_grey() +
  theme(legend.position = "top",
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1)) +
  scale_fill_manual(labels = categories, values = cols) + 
  labs(fill = "") +
  geom_vline(xintercept= 3.5, colour = "red") + 
  geom_vline(xintercept= 10.5, colour = "red")
q

library(grid)
q
grid.text("Text1", x = unit(0.15, "npc"), y = unit(0.1, "npc"), gp=gpar(col="red"))
grid.text("Text2", x = unit(0.5, "npc"), y = unit(0.1, "npc"), gp=gpar(col="red"))
grid.text("Text3", x = unit(0.85, "npc"), y = unit(0.1, "npc"), gp=gpar(col="red"))

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