如何忽略Git中目录中的文件？ [英] How do I ignore files in a directory in Git?

问题描述

.gitignore 文件忽略目录中的文件的正确语法是什么？

是

  config / databases.yml 
 cache / * 
 log / * 
 data / sql / * 
 lib / filter / base / * 
 lib / form / base / * 
 lib / model / map / * $ b $ lib / model / om / * 
  

或

  /config/databases.yml 
 / cache / * 
 / log / * 
 / data / sql / * 
 / lib / filter / base / * 
 / lib / form / base / * 
 / lib / model / map / * 
 / lib / model / om / * 
  

？

解决方案

图案格式

b
$ b

• 空白行不匹配任何文件，因此它可以作为可读性的分隔符。




• 以＃开头的行用作注释。 可选的前缀！，否定模式;任何先前模式排除的匹配文件将再次包含在内。如果否定模式匹配，则这将覆盖较低优先模式的源。




• 如果模式以斜线结尾，则为了以下描述，但它只会找到与目录匹配的内容。换句话说， foo / 会匹配目录 foo 及其下的路径，但不会匹配常规文件或一个符号链接 foo （这与pathpec在git中的工作方式一致）。

>如果模式不包含斜线 / ，git会将其视为shell glob模式，并检查与相对于<$ c $的位置相关的路径名的匹配c> .gitignore 文件（如果不是来自 .gitignore 文件，则相对于工作树的顶层）。




• 否则，git会将该模式视为一个适用于 fnmatch（3）与 FNM_PATHNAME 标记：模式中的通配符与路径名中的 / 不匹配。例如， Documentation / *。html 匹配 Documentation / git.html 但不是 Documentation / ppc / ppc.html 或 tools / perf / Documentation / perf.html 。




• 前导斜杠匹配路径名的开头。例如， / *。c 匹配 cat-file.c 但不是 mozilla-sha1 /sha1.c 。

h1>

git help gitignore

或
man gitignore

What is the proper syntax for the .gitignore file to ignore files in a directory?

Would it be

config/databases.yml
cache/*
log/*
data/sql/*
lib/filter/base/*
lib/form/base/*
lib/model/map/*
lib/model/om/*

or

/config/databases.yml
/cache/*
/log/*
/data/sql/*
/lib/filter/base/*
/lib/form/base/*
/lib/model/map/*
/lib/model/om/*

?

解决方案

PATTERN FORMAT

• A blank line matches no files, so it can serve as a separator for readability.

• A line starting with # serves as a comment.

• An optional prefix ! which negates the pattern; any matching file excluded by a previous pattern will become included again. If a negated pattern matches, this will override lower precedence patterns sources.

• If the pattern ends with a slash, it is removed for the purpose of the following description, but it would only find a match with a directory. In other words, foo/ will match a directory foo and paths underneath it, but will not match a regular file or a symbolic link foo (this is consistent with the way how pathspec works in general in git).

• If the pattern does not contain a slash /, git treats it as a shell glob pattern and checks for a match against the pathname relative to the location of the .gitignore file (relative to the toplevel of the work tree if not from a .gitignore file).

• Otherwise, git treats the pattern as a shell glob suitable for consumption by fnmatch(3) with the FNM_PATHNAME flag: wildcards in the pattern will not match a / in the pathname. For example, Documentation/*.html matches Documentation/git.html but not Documentation/ppc/ppc.html or tools/perf/Documentation/perf.html.

• A leading slash matches the beginning of the pathname. For example, /*.c matches cat-file.c but not mozilla-sha1/sha1.c.

You can find more here

git help gitignore
or
man gitignore

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