如何在Golang的字节缓冲区中解压各种形式的整数？ [英] How do I unpack various form of integers in a byte buffer in Golang?

问题描述

我需要在字节缓冲区中提取各种字段。我想出了这个解决方案：

I need to extract various fields in a byte buffer. I came up with this solution:

func (fs *FileSystem) readSB() {
    // fs.f is a *os.File
    buf := make([]byte, 1024)
    fs.f.ReadAt(buf, 1024)

    // Offset: type
    var p *bytes.Buffer

    // 0: uint32
    p = bytes.NewBuffer(buf[0:])
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.inodeCount)
    // 4: uint32
    p = bytes.NewBuffer(buf[4:])
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.blockCount)
    // 20: uint32
    p = bytes.NewBuffer(buf[20:])
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.firstDataBlock)
    // 24: uint32
    p = bytes.NewBuffer(buf[24:])
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.blockSize)
    fs.sb.blockSize = 1024 << fs.sb.blockSize
    // 32: uint32
    p = bytes.NewBuffer(buf[32:])
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.blockPerGroup)
    // 40: uint32
    p = bytes.NewBuffer(buf[40:])
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.inodePerBlock)
}

是否有更好的/惯用的/直接的方式来做到这一点？

Is there a more better/idiomatic/straightforward way of doing this?

• 我希望保持显式偏移量


• 我想从字节缓冲区读取数据，而不是从文件中读取和读取如果可能的话。

推荐答案

您可以避免每次使用 .Next（） 跳过字节你不想阅读：

You could avoid creating a new buffer every time by using .Next() to skip the bytes you don't want to read:

{
    // Offset: type
    p := bytes.NewBuffer(buf)

    // 0: uint32
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.inodeCount)

    // 4: uint32
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.blockCount)

    // Skip [8:20)
    p.Next(12)

    // 20: uint32
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.firstDataBlock)

    // 24: uint32
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.blockSize)
    fs.sb.blockSize = 1024 << fs.sb.blockSize

    // Skip [28:32)
    p.Next(4)

    // 32: uint32
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.blockPerGroup)

    // Skip [36:40)
    p.Next(4)

    // 40: uint32
    binary.Read(p, binary.LittleEndian, &fs.sb.inodePerBlock)
}

或者你可以避免用chunk来读块，并创建一个你直接用 binary.Read 读取的头结构：

Or you could avoid reading chunk by chunk and create a header structure which you read directly using binary.Read:

type Head struct {
    InodeCount      uint32  //  0:4
    BlockCount      uint32  //  4:8
    Unknown1        uint32  //  8:12
    Unknown2        uint32  // 12:16
    Unknown3        uint32  // 16:20
    FirstBlock      uint32  // 20:24
    BlockSize       uint32  // 24:28
    Unknown4        uint32  // 28:32
    BlocksPerGroup  uint32  // 32:36
    Unknown5        uint32  // 36:40
    InodesPerBlock  uint32  // 40:44
}

func main() {
    var header Head

    err = binary.Read(file, binary.LittleEndian, &header)

    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    log.Printf("%#v\n", header)
}

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