如何为IPython（notebook）shell命令提供内联输入？ [英] How do I provide inline input to an IPython (notebook) shell command?

问题描述

我想把一个带有一些shell命令及其输入的IPython笔记本放在一起。在bash提示符中，我可以使用here-document语法：

I want to put together an IPython notebook with some shell commands and their input. In the bash prompt I can use "here-document" syntax:

bash-3.2$ mysql -u root <<END_IPUT
> use mydb;
> show tables;
> END_INPUT

如何在IPython中获得相同的效果，特别是在jupyter笔记本中？我知道如何执行shell命令作为IPython作为line magics或cell
magics，例如：

How do I get the same effect in IPython, and specifically in a jupyter notebook? I know how to execute shell commands as IPython as "line magics" or "cell magics", e.g.:

In [7]:  !! ls -tF
Out[7]:  ['Demo-notebook.ipynb',
          'createdb.sql',
          ...

我看过 IPython作为系统shell ，展示了如何启用一些语法细节。在以下之后，我可以运行系统命令而无需预先！或 !!

I've looked at IPython as a system shell, which shows how to enable some syntactic niceties. After the following, I can run system commands without prepending ! or !!

# Turn everything in $PATH into an alias; 
# then enable calling aliases without ! or %
%rehashx      
%autocall 2 

但这些都没有帮助为内联的这些命令提供输入：here-document语法在IPython中无效，并导致python SyntaxError 。那么我该怎么做呢？

But none of this helps with providing input to these commands inline: The here-document syntax is invalid in IPython, and results in a python SyntaxError. So how do I do it?

推荐答案

bash cell magic允许你输入多行bash。只需使用 %% bash 启动任何单元格：

The bash cell magic allows you to enter multiple lines of bash. Just start any cell with %%bash:

%%bash
echo "This is bash"
ls

如果你正在使用heredoc要将文本管道传输到另一个程序，您还可以使用脚本单元格魔术：

If you're using a heredoc to pipe text into another program, you can also use the script cell magic:

%%script bc
2+3

可能还有其他细胞魔法可以更具体地解决您的问题！

There may also be other cell magics which address your problem more specifically!

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