IPython - shell命令失败时引发异常 [英] IPython - Raise exception when a shell command fails

问题描述

我正在使用将IPython作为系统外壳。

当shell命令失败时，有没有办法让IPython引发异常？ （非零退出代码）

Is there a way to make IPython to raise an exception when the shell command fails? (non-zero exit codes)

默认情况下，它们会无声地失败。

The default makes them fail silently.

推荐答案

从 IPython 4.0.1开始，！cmd 转换为 get_ipython（ ）.system（repr（cmd））（ IPython.core.inputtransformer._tr_system（））。
在源代码中，它实际上是 InteractiveShell.system_raw（），因为 inspect.getsourcefile（）和 inspect.getsource（）可以告诉。

As of IPython 4.0.1, !cmd is transformed into get_ipython().system(repr(cmd)) (IPython.core.inputtransformer._tr_system()). In the source, it's actually InteractiveShell.system_raw(), as inspect.getsourcefile() and inspect.getsource() can tell.

它委托给 os.system（）< Windows中的/ code>和其他操作系统中的 subprocess.call（）。不可配置，正如您从代码中看到的那样。

It delegates to os.system() in Windows and subprocess.call() in other OSes. Not configurable, as you can see from the code.

因此，您需要将其替换为可调用 subprocess.check_call（）<的内容。 / code>。

So, you need to replace it with something that would call subprocess.check_call().

除了手工修补猴子外，这可以通过 IPython配置系统。可用选项（使用％config 魔法查看）不允许用另一个类替换 TerminalInteractiveShell 但是几个 TerminalIPythonApp 选项允许在启动时执行代码。

Apart from monkey-patching by hand, this can be done with the IPython configuration system. Available options (viewable with the %config magic) don't allow to replace TerminalInteractiveShell with another class but several TerminalIPythonApp options allow to execute code on startup.

请仔细检查您是否确实需要这样做： system_raw（）的来源显示它设置 _exit_code 变量 - 因此它实际上不会失败完全默默地。

Do double-check whether you really need this though: a look through the system_raw()'s source reveals that it sets the _exit_code variable - so it doesn't actually fail completely silently.

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