JUnit中最重要的包是 junit.framework ,它包含所有核心类.一些重要的类如下:<
Sr.No. | 类名 | 功能 |
---|---|---|
1 | Assert | 一组断言方法. |
2 | TestCase | 测试用例定义了运行多个测试的灯具. |
3 | TestResult | TestResult收集执行测试用例的结果. |
4 | TestSuite | TestSuite是测试的组合. |
以下是 org.junit.Assert class :
以下是org.junit.Assert类的声明:
public class Assert extends java.lang.Object
该类提供了一组用于编写测试的断言方法。 仅记录失败的断言。 Assert类的一些重要方法如下:
Sr.No. | Methods & Description |
---|---|
1 | void assertEquals(boolean expected, boolean actual) Checks that two primitives/objects are equal. |
2 | void assertFalse(boolean condition) Checks that a condition is false. |
3 | void assertNotNull(Object object) Checks that an object isn't null. |
4 | void assertNull(Object object) Checks that an object is null. |
5 | void assertTrue(boolean condition) Checks that a condition is true. |
6 | void fail() Fails a test with no message. |
我们在一个例子中使用一些上述方法。 在C:\> JUNIT_WORKSPACE中创建名为TestJunit1.java的java类文件。
import org.junit.Test; import static org.junit.Assert.*; public class TestJunit1 { @Test public void testAdd() { //test data int num = 5; String temp = null; String str = "Junit is working fine"; //check for equality assertEquals("Junit is working fine", str); //check for false condition assertFalse(num > 6); //check for not null value assertNotNull(temp); } }
接下来,在C:\> JUNIT_WORKSPACE中创建名为TestRunner1.java的java类文件以执行测试用例。
import org.junit.runner.JUnitCore; import org.junit.runner.Result; import org.junit.runner.notification.Failure; public class TestRunner1 { public static void main(String[] args) { Result result = JUnitCore.runClasses(TestJunit1.class); for (Failure failure : result.getFailures()) { System.out.println(failure.toString()); } System.out.println(result.wasSuccessful()); } }
使用javac编译测试用例和Test Runner类。
C:\JUNIT_WORKSPACE>javac TestJunit1.java TestRunner1.java
现在运行Test Runner,它将运行在提供的Test Case类中定义的测试用例。
C:\JUNIT_WORKSPACE>java TestRunner1
验证输出
true
以下是org.junit.TestCase类的声明:
public abstract class TestCase extends Assert implements Test
测试用例定义了用于运行多个测试的夹具。 TestCase类的一些重要方法如下:
Sr.No. | Methods & Description |
---|---|
1 | int countTestCases() Counts the number of test cases executed by run(TestResult result). |
2 | TestResult createResult() Creates a default TestResult object. |
3 | String getName() Gets the name of a TestCase. |
4 | TestResult run() A convenience method to run this test, collecting the results with a default TestResult object. |
5 | void run(TestResult result) Runs the test case and collects the results in TestResult. |
6 | void setName(String name) Sets the name of a TestCase. |
7 | void setUp() Sets up the fixture, for example, open a network connection. |
8 | void tearDown() Tears down the fixture, for example, close a network connection. |
9 | String toString() Returns a string representation of the test case. |
我们在一个例子中使用一些上述方法。 在C:\> JUNIT_WORKSPACE中创建名为TestJunit2.java的java类文件。
import junit.framework.TestCase; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; public class TestJunit2 extends TestCase { protected double fValue1; protected double fValue2; @Before public void setUp() { fValue1 = 2.0; fValue2 = 3.0; } @Test public void testAdd() { //count the number of test cases System.out.println("No of Test Case = "+ this.countTestCases()); //test getName String name = this.getName(); System.out.println("Test Case Name = "+ name); //test setName this.setName("testNewAdd"); String newName = this.getName(); System.out.println("Updated Test Case Name = "+ newName); } //tearDown used to close the connection or clean up activities public void tearDown( ) { } }
接下来,在C:\> JUNIT_WORKSPACE中创建名为TestRunner2.java的java类文件以执行测试用例。
import org.junit.runner.JUnitCore; import org.junit.runner.Result; import org.junit.runner.notification.Failure; public class TestRunner2 { public static void main(String[] args) { Result result = JUnitCore.runClasses(TestJunit2.class); for (Failure failure : result.getFailures()) { System.out.println(failure.toString()); } System.out.println(result.wasSuccessful()); } }
使用javac编译测试用例和Test Runner类。
C:\JUNIT_WORKSPACE>javac TestJunit2.java TestRunner2.java
现在运行Test Runner,它将运行在提供的Test Case类中定义的测试用例。
C:\JUNIT_WORKSPACE>java TestRunner2
验证结果:
No of Test Case = 1 Test Case Name = testAdd Updated Test Case Name = testNewAdd true
以下是org.junit.TestResult类的声明:
public class TestResult extends Object
TestResult收集执行测试用例的结果。 它是收集参数模式的一个实例。 测试框架区分故障和错误。 预计会出现故障并通过断言进行检查。 错误是像ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException这样的意外问题。 TestResult类的一些重要方法如下:
Sr.No. | Methods & Description |
---|---|
1 | void addError(Test test, Throwable t) Adds an error to the list of errors. |
2 | void addFailure(Test test, AssertionFailedError t) Adds a failure to the list of failures. |
3 | void endTest(Test test) Informs the result that a test was completed. |
4 | int errorCount() Gets the number of detected errors. |
5 | Enumeration<TestFailure> errors() Returns an Enumeration for the errors. |
6 | int failureCount() Gets the number of detected failures. |
7 | void run(TestCase test) Runs a TestCase. |
8 | int runCount() Gets the number of run tests. |
9 | void startTest(Test test) Informs the result that a test will be started. |
10 | void stop() Marks that the test run should stop. |
在C:\> JUNIT_WORKSPACE中创建名为TestJunit3.java的java类文件。
import org.junit.Test; import junit.framework.AssertionFailedError; import junit.framework.TestResult; public class TestJunit3 extends TestResult { // add the error public synchronized void addError(Test test, Throwable t) { super.addError((junit.framework.Test) test, t); } // add the failure public synchronized void addFailure(Test test, AssertionFailedError t) { super.addFailure((junit.framework.Test) test, t); } @Test public void testAdd() { // add any test } // Marks that the test run should stop. public synchronized void stop() { //stop the test here } }
接下来,在C:\> JUNIT_WORKSPACE中创建名为TestRunner3.java的java类文件以执行测试用例。
import org.junit.runner.JUnitCore; import org.junit.runner.Result; import org.junit.runner.notification.Failure; public class TestRunner3 { public static void main(String[] args) { Result result = JUnitCore.runClasses(TestJunit3.class); for (Failure failure : result.getFailures()) { System.out.println(failure.toString()); } System.out.println(result.wasSuccessful()); } }
使用javac编译测试用例和Test Runner类。
C:\JUNIT_WORKSPACE>javac TestJunit3.java TestRunner3.java
现在运行Test Runner,它将运行在提供的Test Case类中定义的测试用例。
C:\JUNIT_WORKSPACE>java TestRunner3
验证结果:
true
以下是org.junit.TestSuite类的声明:
public class TestSuite extends Object implements Test
TestSuite是一个综合测试。 它运行一组测试用例。 TestSuite类的一些重要方法如下:
Sr.No. | Methods & Description |
---|---|
1 | void addTest(Test test) Adds a test to the suite. |
2 | void addTestSuite(Class<? extends TestCase> testClass) Adds the tests from the given class to the suite. |
3 | int countTestCases() Counts the number of test cases that will be run by this test. |
4 | String getName() Returns the name of the suite. |
5 | void run(TestResult result) Runs the tests and collects their result in a TestResult. |
6 | void setName(String name) Sets the name of the suite. |
7 | Test testAt(int index) Returns the test at the given index. |
8 | int testCount() Returns the number of tests in this suite. |
9 | static Test warning(String message) Returns a test which will fail and log a warning message. |
在C:\> JUNIT_WORKSPACE中创建一个名为JunitTestSuite.java的java类文件,以创建测试套件。
import junit.framework.*; public class JunitTestSuite { public static void main(String[] a) { // add the test's in the suite TestSuite suite = new TestSuite(TestJunit1.class, TestJunit2.class, TestJunit3.class ); TestResult result = new TestResult(); suite.run(result); System.out.println("Number of test cases = " + result.runCount()); } }
使用javac编译Test套件类。
C:\JUNIT_WORKSPACE>javac JunitTestSuite.java
现在运行测试用例:
C:\JUNIT_WORKSPACE>java JunitTestSuite
验证结果:
No of Test Case = 1 Test Case Name = testAdd Updated Test Case Name = testNewAdd Number of test cases = 3