Maven使用 Archetype 的概念为用户提供了一个非常大的不同类型的项目模板列表(614个数字). Maven使用以下命令帮助用户快速启动新的java项目.
mvn archetype:generate
Archetype是一个Maven插件,其任务是根据模板创建项目结构.我们将使用quickstart archetype插件在这里创建一个简单的java应用程序.
让我们打开命令控制台,转到 C:\> MVN 目录并执行以下 mvn 命令.
C:\MVN>mvn archetype:generate
Maven将开始处理并要求选择所需的原型.
[INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'archetype'. [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Building Maven Default Project [INFO] task-segment: [archetype:generate] (aggregator-style) [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Preparing archetype:generate ... 600: remote −> org.trailsframework:trails-archetype (-) 601: remote −> org.trailsframework:trails-secure-archetype (-) 602: remote −> org.tynamo:tynamo-archetype (-) 603: remote −> org.wicketstuff.scala:wicket-scala-archetype (-) 604: remote −> org.wicketstuff.scala:wicketstuff-scala-archetype Basic setup for a project that combines Scala and Wicket, depending on the Wicket-Scala project. Includes an example Specs test.) 605: remote −> org.wikbook:wikbook.archetype (-) 606: remote −> org.xaloon.archetype:xaloon-archetype-wicket-jpa-glassfish (-) 607: remote −> org.xaloon.archetype:xaloon-archetype-wicket-jpa-spring (-) 608: remote −> org.xwiki.commons:xwiki-commons-component-archetype (Make it easy to create a maven project for creating XWiki Components.) 609: remote −> org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-archetype-macro (Make it easy to create a maven project for creating XWiki Rendering Macros.) 610: remote −> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-component (The ZK Component archetype) 611: remote −> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-webapp (The ZK wepapp archetype) 612: remote −> ru.circumflex:circumflex-archetype (-) 613: remote −> se.vgregion.javg.maven.archetypes:javg-minimal-archetype (-) 614: remote −> sk.seges.sesam:sesam-annotation-archetype (-) Choose a number or apply filter (format: [groupId:]artifactId, case sensitive contains): 203:
按Enter选择默认选项(203:maven-archetype-quickstart)
Maven将要求特定版本的原型.
Choose org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-quickstart version: 1: 1.0-alpha-1 2: 1.0-alpha-2 3: 1.0-alpha-3 4: 1.0-alpha-4 5: 1.0 6: 1.1 Choose a number: 6:
按Enter选择默认选项(6:maven-archetype-quickstart:1.1)
Maven会询问项目细节.按要求输入项目详细信息.如果提供了默认值,请按Enter键.您可以通过输入自己的值来覆盖它们.
Define value for property 'groupId': : com.companyname.insurance Define value for property 'artifactId': : health Define value for property 'version': 1.0-SNAPSHOT: Define value for property 'package': com.companyname.insurance:
Maven将要求项目详细确认.按Enter键或按Y键.
Confirm properties configuration: groupId: com.companyname.insurance artifactId: health version: 1.0-SNAPSHOT package: com.companyname.insurance Y:
现在Maven将开始创建项目结构并将显示以下 :
[INFO]----------------------------------------------- [INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-quickstart:1.1 [INFO]----------------------------------------------- [INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.companyname.insurance [INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.companyname.insurance [INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.companyname.insurance [INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: health [INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:\MVN [INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:\MVN\health [INFO]----------------------------------------------- [INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL [INFO]----------------------------------------------- [INFO] Total time: 4 minutes 12 seconds [INFO] Finished at: Fri Jul 13 11:10:12 IST 2012 [INFO] Final Memory: 20M/90M [INFO]------------------------------------------------
现在转到 C:\> MVN 目录.您将看到创建的一个名为 health 的java应用程序项目,该项目在项目创建时以 artifactId 的形式给出. Maven将为项目创建标准目录布局,如下所示 :
Maven为项目生成一个POM.xml文件,如下所示 :
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.companyname.insurance</groupId> <artifactId>health</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>health</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
Maven为项目生成示例java源文件App.java,如下所示 : ;
位置: C:\> MVN> health> src> main> java> com> companyname> insurance> App.java .
package com.companyname.insurance; /** * Hello world! * */ public class App { public static void main( String[] args ) { System.out.println( "Hello World!" ); } }
Maven生成示例java源代码测试文件,AppTest.java用于下面列出的项目 :
位置: C:\> MVN> health> src> test> java> com> companyname> insurance> AppTest .java .
package com.companyname.insurance; import junit.framework.Test; import junit.framework.TestCase; import junit.framework.TestSuite; /** * Unit test for simple App. */ public class AppTest extends TestCase { /** * Create the test case * * @param testName name of the test case */ public AppTest( String testName ) { super( testName ); } /** * @return the suite of tests being tested */ public static Test suite() { return new TestSuite( AppTest.class ); } /** * Rigourous Test :-) */ public void testApp() { assertTrue( true ); } }
现在你可以看到Maven的强大功能了.您可以在maven中使用单个命令创建任何类型的项目,并可以启动您的开发.
Sr.No. | Archetype ArtifactIds&描述 |
---|---|
1 | maven-archetype-archetype 一个原型,包含一个样本原型. |
2 | maven-archetype-j2ee-simple 一个原型,其中包含一个简化示例J2EE应用程序. |
3 | maven-archetype-mojo 原型,包含示例Maven插件的示例. |
4 | maven-archetype-plugin 一个原型,包含一个示例Maven插件. |
5 | maven-archetype-plugin-site 一个原型,包含一个示例Maven插件站点. |
6 | maven-archetype-portlet 一个原型,包含一个样本JSR-268 Portlet. |
7 | maven-archetype-quickstart 原型,包含示例Maven项目. |
8 | maven-archetype-简单 原型,包含一个简单的Maven项目. |
9 | maven-archetype-site 一个原型,其中包含一个示例Maven站点演示一些受支持的文档类型,如APT,XDoc和FML,并演示如何i18n您的站点. |
10 | maven-archetype-site-simple 一个原型,其中包含示例Maven站点. |
11 | maven-archetype-webapp 一个原型,包含一个示例Maven Webapp项目. |