如何将子节点结构从一个XML文件复制到另一个XML文件（合并两个XML文件）？ [英] How to copy a sub node structure from one XML file to another XML file (merge two XML files)?

问题描述

我有以下两个XML文件：

I have the following two XML files:

File1

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<main>
  <node1>
    <subnode1>
      <value1>101</value1>
      <value2>102</value2> 
      <value3>103</value3> 
    </subnode1>
    <subnode2>
      <value1>501</value1>
      <value2>502</value2> 
      <value3>503</value3> 
    </subnode2>
  </node1>
</main>

File2

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<main>
  <node1>
    <subnode1>
      <value1>454</value1>
      <value2>471</value2> 
      <value3>498</value3> 
    </subnode1>
    <subnode2>
      <value1>723</value1>
      <value2>645</value2> 
      <value3>823</value3> 
    </subnode2>
  </node1>
</main>

在Delphi中，我想添加完整的< node1> ...< / File2到File1的node1> 结构重命名为< node2> ...< / node2> 。因此结果应如下所示：

In Delphi I would like to add the complete <node1>...</node1> structure of File2 to File1 renamed as <node2>...</node2>. So the result should look like this:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<main>
  <node1>
    <subnode1>
      <value1>101</value1>
      <value2>102</value2> 
      <value3>103</value3> 
    </subnode1>
    <subnode2>
      <value1>501</value1>
      <value2>502</value2> 
      <value3>503</value3> 
    </subnode2>
  </node1>
  <node2>
    <subnode1>
      <value1>454</value1>
      <value2>471</value2> 
      <value3>498</value3> 
    </subnode1>
    <subnode2>
      <value1>723</value1>
      <value2>645</value2> 
      <value3>823</value3> 
    </subnode2>
  </node2>
</main>

我已经问过如何提取< node1> ...< / node1> 中的问题
如何将节点的内部文本和XML提取为字符串？
（这确实是一个XY问题，很抱歉），我可以找到一种解决方案

I asked already how to extract the <node1>...</node1> block in the question How to extract the inner text and XML of node as string? (which was indeed a XY-problem, sorry about that) and I could work out a solution with manipulating the XML as strings.

但是我想可能有一个更好的解决方案可以直接使用XML功能。那么如何在Delphi 10中实现呢？

But I suppose there might be a better solution working directly with the XML functionality. So how could I implement this in Delphi 10?

推荐答案

将XML文件解析为 TXMLDocument / IXMLDocument 对象，这相当简单克隆/移动 IXMLNode 对象从一个文档到另一个文档（请参见 IXMLNode.CloneNode（） 或 IXMLNodeList.Add（） 和 IXMLNodeList.Remove（） ）。尽管您不能重命名一个节点，但是您可以创建具有所需名称的新节点（请参见 IXMLNode.AddChild（） ），然后克隆/移动旧的

Once you have parsed the XML files into TXMLDocument/IXMLDocument objects, it is fairly trivial to clone/move IXMLNode objects from one document to the other (see IXMLNode.CloneNode(), or IXMLNodeList.Add() and IXMLNodeList.Remove()). Although you can't rename a node, you can create a new node with the desired name (see IXMLNode.AddChild()), and then clone/move the old node's children underneath the new node.

您不应在这些任务中使用XML字符串。而是操纵DOM树。因此，您将在File2中获得< node1> 的 IXMLNode ，并添加一个新的在File1中为< node2> 的I​​XMLNode ，然后克隆/移动< subnode1> 和< subnode2> 从File2中的 IXMLNode 到 IXMLNode

You should not be using XML strings for these tasks. Manipulate the DOM tree instead. So, you would get the IXMLNode for <node1> in File2, add a new IXMLNode for <node2> in File1, and then clone/move <subnode1> and <subnode2> from the IXMLNode in File2 to the IXMLNode in File1.

话虽这么说，为什么要按顺序命名元素？ < node> ，< subnode> ，< value> 等就足够了。您可以有多个< node> s，多个< subnode> s，多个根据需要在一个文档中< value> 。 XML非常适合使用重复的元素名称。您实际上并不需要在元素名称中使用序号，例如：

That being said, why are your elements named sequentially to begin with? <node>, <subnode>, <value>, etc would suffice just fine. You can have multiple <node>s, multiple <subnode>s, multiple <value>'s in one document as needed. XML is good about using repeated element names. You don't really need to use sequential numbers in element names, eg:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<main>
  <node>
    <subnode>
      <value>101</value>
      <value>102</value> 
      <value>103</value> 
    </subnode>
    <subnode>
      <value>501</value>
      <value>502</value> 
      <value>503</value> 
    </subnode>
  </node>
  <node>
    <subnode>
      <value>454</value>
      <value>471</value> 
      <value>498</value> 
    </subnode>
    <subnode>
      <value>723</value>
      <value>645</value> 
      <value>823</value> 
    </subnode>
  </node>
</main>

如果您确实需要按数字进行区分，则可以改用属性，例如：

If you really needed to differentiate by numbers, you could use attributes instead, eg:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<main>
  <node id="1">
    <subnode id="1">
      <value id="1">101</value>
      <value id="2">102</value> 
      <value id="3">103</value> 
    </subnode>
    <subnode id="2">
      <value id="1">501</value>
      <value id="2">502</value> 
      <value id="3">503</value> 
    </subnode>
  </node>
  <node id="2">
    <subnode id="1">
      <value id="1">454</value>
      <value id="2">471</value> 
      <value id="3">498</value> 
    </subnode>
    <subnode id="2">
      <value id="1">723</value>
      <value id="2">645</value> 
      <value id="3">823</value> 
    </subnode>
  </node>
</main>

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