如何在Django中将额外数据附加到现有的序列化器 [英] How to append extra data to the existing serializer in django

问题描述

我是django rest-framework序列化程序的新手。

I am new to django rest-framework serializers.

views.py 
@csrf_exempt
@api_view(['GET'])         
def getAllAvailableEmps(request):  
    if request.method == 'GET':
        try:
            roleId = request.GET['emp_role_id']
            getEmp = emp_details.objects.filter(emp_dc_id = None,emp_active = True,emp_role_id = roleId)
            serializer = getEmpDcSerializer(getEmp,many=True)
            return JSONResponse({"allAvilableEmps":serializer.data})
        except Exception as e:
            return JSONResponse("Failure "+str(e)) 

serializers.py
class getEmpDcSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): 
    class Meta:
        model = emp_details
        fields = ('emp_id','emp_dc_id','emp_first_name','emp_last_name','emp_role_id')

从上面的代码中我得到如下结果

from the above code i got the result like below

{
  "allAvilableEmps": [
    {
      "emp_id": 13,
      "emp_dc_id": [],
      "emp_first_name": "aaa",
      "emp_last_name": "bb",
      "emp_role_id": 4
    },
    {
      "emp_id": 16,
      "emp_dc_id": [],
      "emp_first_name": "cccc",
      "emp_last_name": "ddd",
      "emp_role_id": 4
    }
]
}

在这里，我需要在JOSN数据中再添加两个字段（Available，Assign）。就像下面的（数据库中不存在）。
因此，最终的JSON应该如下所示。

Here,I need to add two more fields(Available,Assign) to the JOSN data.Like below(which is not exist in the database).. So final JSON should be like below. How to achieve this ?.

{
  "allAvilableEmps": [
    {
      "emp_id": 13,
      "emp_dc_id": [],
      "emp_first_name": "aaa",
      "emp_last_name": "bb",
      "emp_role_id": 4
      "Available":1,
      "Assign":2    
    },
    {
      "emp_id": 16,
      "emp_dc_id": [],
      "emp_first_name": "cccc",
      "emp_last_name": "ddd",
      "emp_role_id": 4
      "Available":1,
      "Assign":2    
    }
  ]
}

推荐答案

您可以使用 SerializerMethodField ，以向对象的序列化表示形式添加额外的数据。

You can use SerializerMethodField to add extra data to the serialized representation of an object.

这是一个只读字段。它通过在附加到序列化器类的
上调用一个方法来获取其值。它可以用来将任何类型的
数据添加到对象的序列化表示中。

This is a read-only field. It gets its value by calling a method on the serializer class it is attached to. It can be used to add any sort of data to the serialized representation of your object.

在序列化器中，添加可用和分配 SerializerMethod 字段。这样做总是会在序列化数据中添加 Available 和 Assign 键。

In your serializer, add Available and Assign SerializerMethod fields. Doing this will always add Available and Assign keys in your serialized data.

class getEmpDcSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): 
    Available = serializers.SerializerMethodField() # add field
    Assign = serializers.SerializerMethodField() # add field

    class Meta:
        model = emp_details
        fields = ('emp_id','emp_dc_id','emp_first_name','emp_last_name','emp_role_id', 'Available', 'Assign')

    def get_Available(self, obj):
        # here write the logic to compute the value based on object
        return 1

    def get_Assign(self, obj):
        # here write the logic to compute the value based on object
        return 2

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