使用 binaryformatter 反序列化 [英] Deserialization with binaryformatter

问题描述

我有一个程序可以序列化一个对象并通过网络发送它:

I have a program that serializes an object and sends it over a network:

TcpClient client = new TcpClient();
client.ReceiveTimeout = 10000;
client.SendTimeout = 10000;
IPEndPoint serverEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 8888);
client.Connect(serverEndPoint);

BinaryFormatter binaryformatter = new BinaryFormatter();

NetworkStream networkStream = client.GetStream();
if (networkStream.CanWrite)
{
    binaryformatter.Serialize(networkStream, kort);
}

另一方面，我接收并反序列化代码:

And on the other side I receive and deserialize the code as such:

TcpClient tcpClient = (TcpClient)client;
tcpClient.SendTimeout = 10000;
tcpClient.ReceiveTimeout = 10000;
NetworkStream clientStream = tcpClient.GetStream();
try
{
    if (clientStream.CanRead)
    {
        BinaryFormatter binaryformatter = new BinaryFormatter();
        binaryformatter.Binder = new AllowAllAssemblyVersionsDeserializationBinder();

        Kort tempkort = (Kort)binaryformatter.Deserialize(clientStream);
        SetImage(tempkort);
    }
}
catch (SerializationException e)
{
    MessageBox.Show("Failed to deserialize. Reason: " + e.Message);
    throw;
}
finally
{
    clientStream.Close();
    tcpClient.Close();
}

但是当我反序列化时，我收到了关于缺少程序集的错误:

But when I deserialized I got this error about an assembly missing:

Server.exe 中发生类型为 System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException 的未处理异常附加信息:无法找到程序集客户端，版本 = 1.0.0.0，文化 = 中性，PublicKeyToken =空'.

"An unhandled exception of type System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException occurred in Server.exe Additional information: Unable to find assembly 'Client, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null'.

我用这个解决了:

sealed class AllowAllAssemblyVersionsDeserializationBinder : SerializationBinder
{
    public override Type BindToType(string assemblyName, string typeName)
    {     
        String currentAssembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().FullName;

        // In this case we are always using the current assembly
        typeName = "Server.Kort";
        assemblyName = currentAssembly;

        // Get the type using the typeName and assemblyName
        Type typeToDeserialize = Type.GetType(String.Format("{0}, {1}",
            typeName, assemblyName));

        return typeToDeserialize;
    }
}

但现在我尝试这样做，我不断收到错误消息:

But now that I try to do it, I keep getting an error that says:

Server.Kort 类型的对象无法转换为 Server.Kort+kortvalör 类型."

"Object of type Server.Kort cannot be converted to type Server.Kort+kortvalör."

我不知道如何解决它.

推荐答案

发送方的 Kort 类必须包含一个嵌套类型的实例(可能是一个 enum?) 称为 kortvalör.而且，由于 BinaryFormatter 序列化 public &private fields 而不是属性，嵌套类型可能对外界完全不可见，但仍会被序列化.

The class Kort on the sending side must contain an instance of a nested type (perhaps an enum?) called kortvalör. And, since BinaryFormatter serializes public & private fields instead of properties, the nested type could be completely invisible to the outside world, but still get serialized.

例如，我能够使用具有以下类的活页夹重现您的异常 Server.Kort 类型的对象无法转换为 Server.Kort+kortvalör 类型":

For instance, I was able to reproduce your exception "Object of type Server.Kort cannot be converted to type Server.Kort+kortvalör" using your binder with the following class:

[Serializable]
public class Kort
{
    // Private enum that is invisible to the outside world.
    enum kortvalör 
    {
        Zero,
        One,
        Two,
        Three
    }

    kortvalör valör = kortvalör.Three;

    public int Value
    {
        get
        {
            return (int)valör;
        }
        set
        {
            // Check to make sure the incoming value is in a valid range.
            var newvalör = (kortvalör)value;
            if (Enum.IsDefined(typeof(kortvalör), newvalör))
                valör = newvalör;
            else
                valör = default(kortvalör);
        }
    }
}

反序列化上面的类时，您的绑定器将被调用两次，一次使用 Kort 的 typeName - 然后使用类型名称 "MyClientNamespace.Kort+kortvalör".由于您的活页夹忽略传入的 typeName 并返回 typeof(Kort)，这将失败.

When deserializing the class above, your binder will be called twice, once with the typeName for Kort -- and then once with the typename "MyClientNamespace.Kort+kortvalör". Since your binder ignores the incoming typeName and returns typeof(Kort), this fails.

您有几个选项可以解决这个问题:

You have a few options to solve this problem:

1. 将您的类 Kort 提取到共享 DLL 中，并将其与发送和接收应用程序链接.然后问题就解决了.

1. Extract your class Kort into a shared DLL and link it with both the sending and receiving applications. Then the problem goes away.

在发送和接收应用程序中创建 Kort 引用的所有类型的副本——包括私有嵌套类型——并在你的 SerializationBinder.文章 高级二进制序列化:反序列化一个对象的差分类型The One It was Serialized Into 有一个例子说明如何做到这一点.

Create duplicates of all types referenced by Kort in both the sending and receiving applications -- including private nested types -- and remap the type names appropriately inside a smarter version of your SerializationBinder. The article Advanced Binary Serialization: Deserializing an Object Into a Different Type Than the One It was Serialized Into has an example of how to do it.

考虑使用不同的序列化格式来序列化属性而不是私有字段.BSON 是一种选择.Protobuf-net 是另一个.

Consider using a different serialization format that serializes properties rather than private fields. BSON is one option. Protobuf-net is another.

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