使用 Jackson 将 Json 反序列化为其他类层次结构 [英] Json deserialization into other class hierarchy using Jackson

问题描述

现在我正在和杰克逊一起工作，我有一些关于它的问题.

Now i'm working with Jackson and i have some questions about it.

首先.我有两个服务，第一个是数据收集和发送服务，第二个是接收这些数据，例如，将其记录到文件中.

First of all. I have two services, first is data collecting and sending service and second receive this data and, for example, log it into a file.

因此，第一个服务的类层次结构如下:

So, first service has class hierarchy like this:

         +----ConcreteC
         |
Base ----+----ConcreteA
         |
         +----ConcreteB

第二个服务有这样的类层次结构:

And second service has class hierarchy like this:

ConcreteAAdapter extends ConcreteA implements Adapter {}
ConcreteBAdapter extends ConcreteB implements Adapter {}
ConcreteCAdapter extends ConcreteC implements Adapter {}

第一个服务对ConcreteXAdapter一无所知.

The first service knows nothing about ConcreteXAdapter.

我在第一个服务上发送数据的方式:

The way i'm sending the data on the first service:

Collection<Base> data = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Base>()
JacksonUtils utils = new JacksonUtils();
data.add(new ConcreteA());
data.add(new ConcreteB());
data.add(new ConcreteC());
...
send(utils.marshall(data));
...

public class JacksonUtils {

    public byte[] marshall(Collection<Base> data) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream() {
            @Override
            public byte[] toByteArray() {
                return buf;
            }
        };

        getObjectMapper().writeValue(out, data);
        return out.toByteArray();
    }
    protected ObjectMapper getObjectMapper() {
        return new ObjectMapper();
    }

    public Object unmarshall(byte[] json) throws IOException {
        return getObjectMapper().readValue(json, Object.class);
    }

    public <T> T unmarshall(InputStream source, TypeReference<T> typeReference) throws IOException {
        return getObjectMapper().readValue(source, typeReference);
    }

    public <T> T unmarshall(byte[] json, TypeReference<T> typeReference) throws IOException {
        return getObjectMapper().readValue(json, typeReference);
    }
}

所以，我想将 json 反序列化为 ConcreteXAdapter 的集合，而不是 ConcreteX 的集合(ConcreteA -> ConcreteAAdapter，ConcreteB -> ConcreteBAdapter，ConcreteC -> ConcreteCAdapter).在我描述的情况下，我想得到:

So, i want to desirialize json into Collection of ConcreteXAdapter, not into Collection of ConcreteX (ConcreteA -> ConcreteAAdapter, ConcreteB -> ConcreteBAdapter, ConcreteC -> ConcreteCAdapter). In the case i described i want to get:

Collection [ConcreteAAdapter, ConcreteBAdapter, ConcreteCAdapter]

我该怎么做?

推荐答案

我是如何解决这个问题的.这是示例项目的类图:

How I solved this problem. Here is a class diagram for an example project:

所以我想在反序列化后得到 ConcreteAAdapter 表单 ConcreteA.

So i want to get the ConcreteAAdapter form ConcreteA after deserialization.

我的解决方案是扩展 ClassNameIdResolver 以添加将基类对象反序列化为子类型类对象的功能(子类型类不添加额外的功能和附加字段).

My solution is to extend ClassNameIdResolver to add functionality to deserialize base class objects into subtype class objects (subtype classes adds no extra functionality and additional fields).

这是一个为反序列化创建ObjectMapper的代码:

Here is a code which creates ObjectMapper for deserialization:

protected ObjectMapper getObjectMapperForDeserialization() {
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

        StdTypeResolverBuilder typeResolverBuilder = new ObjectMapper.DefaultTypeResolverBuilder(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.OBJECT_AND_NON_CONCRETE);
        typeResolverBuilder = typeResolverBuilder.inclusion(JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY);
        typeResolverBuilder.init(JsonTypeInfo.Id.CLASS, new ClassNameIdResolver(SimpleType.construct(Base.class), TypeFactory.defaultInstance()) {
            private HashMap<Class, Class> classes = new HashMap<Class, Class>() {
                {
                    put(ConcreteA.class, ConcreteAAdapter.class);
                    put(ConcreteB.class, ConcreteBAdapter.class);
                    put(ConcreteC.class, ConcreteCAdapter.class);
                }
            };

            @Override
            public String idFromValue(Object value) {
                return (classes.containsKey(value.getClass())) ? value.getClass().getName() : null;
            }

            @Override
            public JavaType typeFromId(String id) {
                try {
                    return classes.get(Class.forName(id)) == null ? super.typeFromId(id) : _typeFactory.constructSpecializedType(_baseType, classes.get(Class.forName(id)));
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                    // todo catch the e
                }
                return super.typeFromId(id);
            }
        });
        mapper.setDefaultTyping(typeResolverBuilder);
        return mapper;
    }

这是为序列化创建ObjectMapper的代码:

And here is a code which create ObjectMapper for serialization:

protected ObjectMapper getObjectMapperForSerialization() {
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

    StdTypeResolverBuilder typeResolverBuilder = new ObjectMapper.DefaultTypeResolverBuilder(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.OBJECT_AND_NON_CONCRETE);
    typeResolverBuilder = typeResolverBuilder.inclusion(JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY);
    typeResolverBuilder.init(JsonTypeInfo.Id.CLASS, new ClassNameIdResolver(SimpleType.construct(Base.class), TypeFactory.defaultInstance()));
    mapper.setDefaultTyping(typeResolverBuilder);

    return mapper;
}

测试代码:

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    JacksonUtils JacksonUtils = new JacksonUtilsImpl();

    Collection<Base> data = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Base>();
    data.add(new ConcreteA());
    data.add(new ConcreteB());
    data.add(new ConcreteC());

    String json = JacksonUtils.marshallIntoString(data);

    System.out.println(json);

    Collection<? extends Adapter> adapters = JacksonUtils.unmarshall(json, new TypeReference<ArrayList<Adapter>>() {});

    for (Adapter adapter : adapters) {
        System.out.println(adapter.getClass().getName());
    }
}

JacksonUtils 类的完整代码:

Full code of JacksonUtils class:

public class JacksonUtilsImpl implements JacksonUtils {

    @Override
    public byte[] marshall(Collection<Base> data) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream() {
            @Override
            public byte[] toByteArray() {
                return buf;
            }
        };

        getObjectMapperForSerialization().writerWithType(new TypeReference<Collection<Base>>() {}).writeValue(out, data);
        return out.toByteArray();
    }

    @Override
    public String marshallIntoString(Collection<Base> data) throws IOException {
        return getObjectMapperForSerialization().writeValueAsString(data);
    }

    protected ObjectMapper getObjectMapperForSerialization() {
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

        StdTypeResolverBuilder typeResolverBuilder = new ObjectMapper.DefaultTypeResolverBuilder(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.OBJECT_AND_NON_CONCRETE);
        typeResolverBuilder = typeResolverBuilder.inclusion(JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY);
        typeResolverBuilder.init(JsonTypeInfo.Id.CLASS, new ClassNameIdResolver(SimpleType.construct(Base.class), TypeFactory.defaultInstance()));
        mapper.setDefaultTyping(typeResolverBuilder);

        return mapper;
    }

    protected ObjectMapper getObjectMapperForDeserialization() {
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

        StdTypeResolverBuilder typeResolverBuilder = new ObjectMapper.DefaultTypeResolverBuilder(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.OBJECT_AND_NON_CONCRETE);
        typeResolverBuilder = typeResolverBuilder.inclusion(JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY);
        typeResolverBuilder.init(JsonTypeInfo.Id.CLASS, new ClassNameIdResolver(SimpleType.construct(Base.class), TypeFactory.defaultInstance()) {
            private HashMap<Class, Class> classes = new HashMap<Class, Class>() {
                {
                    put(ConcreteA.class, ConcreteAAdapter.class);
                    put(ConcreteB.class, ConcreteBAdapter.class);
                    put(ConcreteC.class, ConcreteCAdapter.class);
                }
            };

            @Override
            public String idFromValue(Object value) {
                return (classes.containsKey(value.getClass())) ? value.getClass().getName() : null;
            }

            @Override
            public JavaType typeFromId(String id) {
                try {
                    return classes.get(Class.forName(id)) == null ? super.typeFromId(id) : _typeFactory.constructSpecializedType(_baseType, classes.get(Class.forName(id)));
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                    // todo catch the e
                }
                return super.typeFromId(id);
            }
        });
        mapper.setDefaultTyping(typeResolverBuilder);
        return mapper;
    }

    @Override
    public Object unmarshall(byte[] json) throws IOException {
        return getObjectMapperForDeserialization().readValue(json, Object.class);
    }

    @Override
    public <T> T unmarshall(InputStream source, TypeReference<T> typeReference) throws IOException {
        return getObjectMapperForDeserialization().readValue(source, typeReference);
    }

    @Override
    public <T> T unmarshall(byte[] json, TypeReference<T> typeReference) throws IOException {
        return getObjectMapperForDeserialization().readValue(json, typeReference);
    }

    @Override
    public <T> Collection<? extends T> unmarshall(String json, Class<? extends Collection<? extends T>> klass) throws IOException {
        return getObjectMapperForDeserialization().readValue(json, klass);
    }


    @Override
    public <T> Collection<? extends T> unmarshall(String json, TypeReference typeReference) throws IOException {
        return getObjectMapperForDeserialization().readValue(json, typeReference);
    }
}

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