如何在 fortran 90/95 中使用内部类型进行一些通用编程 [英] How to make some generic programming in fortran 90/95 working with intrinsic types
问题描述
我想编写一些适用于不同类型的程序.我打算使用 here 和 这里.我这里举一个简单的例子.
I would like to program some procedure that will work with different types. I am planning to use the "include" method used in flibs described here and here. I give here a simple exemple.
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
module data_type
type ivalue
integer :: v
end type
type rvalue
real(8) :: v
end type
end module data_type
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
module imod
use data_type, only: T => ivalue
include "template.f90"
end module imod
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
module rmod
use data_type, only: T => rvalue
include "template.f90"
end module rmod
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
module mod
use imod, only:
& ivalue => T,
& iprintme => printme
use rmod, only:
& rvalue => T,
& rprintme => printme
private
public :: ivalue, rvalue
public :: printme
interface printme
module procedure iprintme
module procedure rprintme
end interface printme
end module mod
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
program hello
use mod
implicit none
type(ivalue) :: iv
type(rvalue) :: rv
iv%v=42
rv%v=3.14
call printme(iv)
call printme(rv)
end program hello
使用包含的文件:
contains
subroutine printme(a)
implicit none
type(T) :: a
print *,a
end subroutine printme
困扰我的是它似乎只适用于派生类型，而不适用于内在类型.如果模块mod的用户想在一个简单的整数上使用printme例程，把它封装成ivalue类型真的很烦人，不能这样做:
What bothers me is that it seems only to work with derived type, and not with intrinsic types. If the user of the module mod want to use the printme routine on an simple integer, it is really annoying for him to encapsulate it in a ivalue type and cannot doing:
integer :: a=42
call printme(a)
有没有办法将此方法扩展到固有类型，或者另一种方法可以在严格的 f90/f95 中执行(由于数据复制，我不想使用传输"方法)
Is there any way to extend this method to intrinsic types, or another method that would do it in strict f90/f95 (I don't want to use the "transfer" method because of the data copy)
坦克！
推荐答案
您可以在所有主要的 Fortran 编译器中使用 C 预处理器 (CPP).通常有一个调用它的标志(gfortran 中的 -cpp)或者如果文件后缀包含大写 F(.F90, .F).预处理器允许使用宏来更强大地包含源.
You can use the C preprocessor (CPP) in all major Fortran compilers. Usually there is a flag for invoking it (-cpp in gfortran) or it is invoked automatically if the file suffix contains capital F (.F90, .F). The preprocessor allows more powerful inclusion of sources with the usage of macros.
module imod
use data_type, only: ivalue
#define T type(ivalue)
#include "template.f90"
#undef T
end module imod
module intmod
#define T integer
#include "template.f90"
#undef T
end module intmod
和 template.f90
and template.f90
contains
subroutine printme(a)
implicit none
T :: a
print *,a
end subroutine printme
这不是 strict f90/f95，但它使用编译器中包含的预处理器，生成另一个(严格 f95)源文件，它会自动编译它而不是包含的原始源文件宏.
This is not strict f90 / f95, but it uses a preprocessor, included in the compilers, which produces another (strict f95) source file and it automatically compiles it instead of the original source that contains the macros.
然后编译就很简单了
gfortran -cpp main.f90
--编辑--
对于非信徒，如果你想看到一些使用这个的真实代码，请查看 https://github.com/LadaF/fortran-list(免责声明:我自己的代码).您可以在那里使用参数链表:
For non-believers, if you want to see some real code using this, check https://github.com/LadaF/fortran-list (disclaimer: my own code). You can use the parametric linked list there as:
len(20) 字符串列表:
list of len(20) character strings:
module str_list
#define TYPEPARAM character(20)
#include "list-inc-def.f90"
contains
#include "list-inc-proc.f90"
#undef TYPEPARAM
end module
整数列表
module int_list
#define TYPEPARAM integer
#include "list-inc-def.f90"
contains
#include "list-inc-proc.f90"
#undef TYPEPARAM
end module
一些派生类型的列表
module new_type_list
use, new_type_module, only: new_type
#define TYPEPARAM type(newtype)
#include "list-inc-def.f90"
contains
#include "list-inc-proc.f90"
#undef TYPEPARAM
end module
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