如何在fortran 90/95中使用内部类型进行一些泛型编程 [英] How to make some generic programming in fortran 90/95 working with intrinsic types

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问题描述

我想编程一些适用于不同类型的程序。我打算使用这里描述的flib中使用的include方法和 here 。我在这里给出一个简单的例子。

 ! -------------------------------------------------- ------------! 
模块data_type

类型ivalue
整数:: v
结束类型

类型rvalue
real(8):: v
结束类型

结束模块data_type
! -------------------------------------------------- ------------!
模块imod

仅使用data_type:T => ivalue

包含template.f90

结束模块imod
! -------------------------------------------------- ------------!
模块rmod

仅使用data_type:T =>右值

包含template.f90

最终模块rmod
! -------------------------------------------------- ------------!
模块mod

使用imod,仅:
& ivalue => T,
& iprintme => printme

使用rmod,仅:
& rvalue => T,
& rprintme => printme

private
public :: ivalue,rvalue
public :: printme

接口printme
模块过程iprintme
模块procedure rprintme
end interface printme

end module mod
! -------------------------------------------------- ------------!
程序hello

使用mod

隐含无

类型(ivalue):: iv
类型(右值): :rv

iv%v = 42
rv%v = 3.14

致电printme(iv)
致电printme(rv)

结束程序hello

包含文件:





子程序printme(a)

隐含无

类型(T ):: a
$ b print *,a

结束子程序printme

令我困扰的是,它似乎只适用于派生类型,而不适用于内在类型。如果模块mod的用户想要在一个简单的整数上使用printme例程,他真的很烦人,因为他把它封装在一个ivalue类型中,并且不能这样做:

  integer :: a = 42 
call printme(a)

有没有什么方法可以将此方法扩展到内部类型,或者另一种方法可以在严格的f90 / f95中执行(由于数据拷贝,我不想使用传输方法)



坦克!

解决方案

您可以在所有专业中使用C预处理器Fortran编译器。通常会有一个标志来调用它(gfortran中的 -cpp ),或者如果文件后缀包含大写字母F( .F90 .F )。预处理器允许使用宏更强大地包含源代码。

  module imod 

use data_type ,仅:ivalue

#define T类型(ivalue)
#includetemplate.f90
#undef T

结束模块imod


模块intmod

#define T整数
#includetemplate.f90
#undef T

end module intmod

和template.f90



<$ $ a

















$
print *,a

结束子程序printme

这是不是严格的f90 / f95,但它使用了包含在编译器中的预处理器,它生成另一个(严格的f95)源文件,并自动编译它,而不是包含宏的原始源文件。 p>

编译过程很简单

  gfortran -cpp main.f90 

- 编辑 -



对于非信徒,如果您想使用此功能查看一些真实的代码,请查看 https: //github.com/LadaF/fortran-list (免责声明:我自己的代码)。您可以在那里使用参数化链表:

len(20)字符串列表:

<$ p $模块str_list

#define TYPEPARAM字符(20)

#includelist-inc-def.f90
包含
#includelist-inc-proc.f90
#undef TYPEPARAM
结束模块

整数列表

 模块int_list 

#define TYPEPARAM整数

#includelist-inc-def.f90
包含
#includelist-inc-proc.f90
#undef TYPEPARAM
结束模块

某些派生类型的列表

  module new_type_list 
use,new_type_module,only:new_type

#define TYPEPARAM type(newtype)

#includelist-inc- def.f90
包含
#includelist-inc-proc.f90
#undef TYPEPARAM
结束模块


I would like to program some procedure that will work with different types. I am planning to use the "include" method used in flibs described here and here. I give here a simple exemple.

  ! -------------------------------------------------------------- ! 
  module data_type

  type ivalue
  integer :: v
  end type

  type rvalue
  real(8) :: v
  end type

  end module data_type
  ! -------------------------------------------------------------- ! 
  module imod

  use data_type, only: T => ivalue 

  include "template.f90"

  end module imod
  ! -------------------------------------------------------------- ! 
  module rmod

  use data_type, only: T => rvalue 

  include "template.f90"

  end module rmod
  ! -------------------------------------------------------------- ! 
  module mod

  use imod, only:
 &     ivalue => T,
 &     iprintme => printme

  use rmod, only:
 &     rvalue => T,
 &     rprintme => printme

  private
  public :: ivalue, rvalue
  public :: printme

  interface printme
  module procedure iprintme
  module procedure rprintme
  end interface printme

  end module mod
  ! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
  program hello

  use mod

  implicit none

  type(ivalue) :: iv
  type(rvalue) :: rv

  iv%v=42
  rv%v=3.14

  call printme(iv)
  call printme(rv)      

  end program hello

with the included file:

  contains

  subroutine printme(a)

  implicit none

  type(T) :: a

  print *,a

  end subroutine printme

What bothers me is that it seems only to work with derived type, and not with intrinsic types. If the user of the module mod want to use the printme routine on an simple integer, it is really annoying for him to encapsulate it in a ivalue type and cannot doing:

integer :: a=42
call printme(a)

Is there any way to extend this method to intrinsic types, or another method that would do it in strict f90/f95 (I don't want to use the "transfer" method because of the data copy)

Tanks!

解决方案

You can use the C preprocessor (CPP) in all major Fortran compilers. Usually there is a flag for invoking it (-cpp in gfortran) or it is invoked automatically if the file suffix contains capital F (.F90, .F). The preprocessor allows more powerful inclusion of sources with the usage of macros.

module imod

  use data_type, only: ivalue 

#define T type(ivalue)
#include "template.f90"
#undef T

end module imod


module intmod

#define T integer
#include "template.f90"
#undef T

end module intmod

and template.f90

contains

subroutine printme(a)

  implicit none

  T :: a

  print *,a

end subroutine printme

This is not strict f90 / f95, but it uses a preprocessor, included in the compilers, which produces another (strict f95) source file and it automatically compiles it instead of the original source that contains the macros.

The compilation is then straightforward

gfortran -cpp main.f90

--Edit--

For non-believers, if you want to see some real code using this, check https://github.com/LadaF/fortran-list (disclaimer: my own code). You can use the parametric linked list there as:

list of len(20) character strings:

module str_list

#define TYPEPARAM character(20)

#include "list-inc-def.f90"
contains
#include "list-inc-proc.f90"
#undef TYPEPARAM
end module

list of integers

module int_list

#define TYPEPARAM integer

#include "list-inc-def.f90"
contains
#include "list-inc-proc.f90"
#undef TYPEPARAM
end module

list of some derived type

module new_type_list
  use, new_type_module, only: new_type

#define TYPEPARAM type(newtype)

#include "list-inc-def.f90"
contains
#include "list-inc-proc.f90"
#undef TYPEPARAM
end module

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