比较每 2 行并显示 R 中的不匹配 [英] Compare every 2 rows and show mismatches in R
问题描述
我进行了很多搜索并自己尝试过，但找不到针对此特定问题的解决方案.
I have searched a lot and tried on my own too, but couldn't find solution for this particular problem.
对于每 2 行('key' 很常见)，我必须在每一列中找到不匹配的内容，并以如下所示的有条理的方式突出显示它们.
For every 2 rows ('key' is common), I have to find mismatches in every column and highlight them in an organized way like below.
输出应采用以下格式:
COLUMN_NAME is not matching for records below:
PRINT COMPLETE RECORDS
...
COLUMN_NAME is not matching for records below:
PRINT COMPLETE RECORDS
...
COLUMN_NAME is not matching for records below:
PRINT COMPLETE RECORDS
...
输入数据(它是一个数据框):
key V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
a1 1 2 3 4 5
a1 1 3 9 4 5
a5 2 1 4 7 5
a5 2 1 4 7 6
a6 7 6 8 9 6
a6 7 6 3 9 6
a9 7 6 8 9 4
a9 7 6 8 9 3
输出:
V2 is not matching for records below:
key V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
a1 1 2 3 4 5
a1 1 3 9 4 5
V3 is not matching for records below:
key V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
a1 1 2 3 4 5
a1 1 3 9 4 5
a6 7 6 8 9 6
a6 7 6 3 9 6
V5 is not matching for records below:
key V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
a5 2 1 4 7 5
a5 2 1 4 7 6
a9 7 6 8 9 4
a9 7 6 8 9 3
我是 R 的初学者，所以请善待 :)
I'm a beginner in R, so please be nice :)
推荐答案
先用key分割你的数据框:
dfs <- split(df, df$key) # presuming your data frame is named `df`
现在编写一个函数，获取一个数据框并比较第一行和第二行(为简单起见，我们不会检查数据框是否实际上有 2 行 - 这只是理所当然的):
now write a function taking a data frame and comparing first and second row (for simplicity, we're not going to check whether the data frame actually has 2 rows - that's just taken for granted):
chk <- function(x) sapply(x, function(u) u[1]==u[2])
现在将该函数应用于 split 的数据:
and now apply that function to the split'ed data:
matches <- sapply(dfs,chk)
## so `foo` is a matrix showing, for each variable and each ID, whether there is
## a match or not
apply(matches, 1, function(x) colnames(matches)[which(!x)])
## and this one takes each row in `foo` and extracts the column name (i.e. key)
## for every TRUE-valued cell. the result is a list - note that some of the
## elements will be empty
最后一行输出每个变量的不匹配对的名称(key列).
The last row outputs the names (key column) of the non-matching pairs of each variable.
现在是最后一步:
mm_keys <- apply(matches, 1, function(x) colnames(matches)[which(!x)])
# mm_keys stands for mismatching keys
lapply(mm_keys, function(x) subset(df, key %in% x))
# this one, called `mm_lines` below, takes each element from mm_keys
# .. and extracts (via `subset`) the corresponding lines from the original data frame
好的，您已经拥有了您想要的所有信息，但没有以很好的方式格式化.您也可以轻松做到这一点.
Ok by this you already have all information that you wanted but not formatted in a nice way. You can do that easily too.
mm_lines <- lapply(mm_keys, function(x) subset(df, key %in% x))
mm_lines <- mm_lines[sapply(mm_lines, nrow)>0]
# leave out variables where there is no mismatch
# for understanding this, try what `sapply(mm_lines, nrow)` does
# and add labels the way you want:
names(mm_lines) <- paste(names(mm_lines), "IS NOT MATCHING FOR RECORDS BELOW:")
现在输出:
print(boo)
#$`V2 IS NOT MATCHING FOR RECORDS BELOW:`
# key V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
#1 a1 1 2 3 4 5
#2 a1 1 3 9 4 5
#
#$`V3 IS NOT MATCHING FOR RECORDS BELOW:`
# key V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
#1 a1 1 2 3 4 5
#2 a1 1 3 9 4 5
#5 a6 7 6 8 9 6
#6 a6 7 6 3 9 6
#
#$`V5 IS NOT MATCHING FOR RECORDS BELOW:`
# key V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
#3 a5 2 1 4 7 5
#4 a5 2 1 4 7 6
#7 a9 7 6 8 9 4
#8 a9 7 6 8 9 3
既然你要求它，这里有一些东西可以在一行上完成，看起来有点像魔术师:
[edit]
Since you asked for it, here is something that does it with on one line and looks a bit more like magick:
boo <- (function(x) x[sapply(x, nrow)>0])(lapply(lapply(df, function(x) tapply(x, df$key, function(x) x[1]!=x[2])), function(x) subset(df, key %in% names(which(x)))))
并以您想要的方式将其写入文本文件(out.txt"):
And for writing it to a text file ("out.txt") the way you wanted:
sink("out.txt")
for(iii in seq_along(boo)){
cat(names(boo)[iii], "IS NOT MATCHING FOR THE RECORDS BELOW:
")
print(boo[[iii]])
cat("
")
}
sink(NULL)
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