删除方括号外的所有数据 [英] Delete all data outside square brackets

问题描述

如何删除方括号外的所有数据 [] ？

示例：

  [lipsum1; limpsum1; lipsum1] lipsum2; lipsum1; limpsum1; lipsum1] lipsum2
 

我想获得：

  [lipsum1; limpsum1; lipsum1] [lipsum1; limpsum1; lipsum1]
 

解决方案

您可以使用 [和] 作为现场分离器，并打印每2场：

 的awk -F'[] []''{为（i = 2; I＆LT; NF;我+ = 2）的printf[％S]％S，$ I， OFS;打印}'＆LT;＆LT; END
[lipsum1; limpsum1; lipsum1] lipsum2; lipsum1; limpsum1; lipsum1] lipsum2
A [B] C [D]。Ë
这里没有什么
[一件事]
结束
 

  [lipsum1; limpsum1; lipsum1] [lipsum1; limpsum1; lipsum1]
并[b]并[d][一件事]
 

这怪异的字段分隔符 [] [] 是可以匹配的 [字符或] 字符。当给你的样品输入，awk将打破领域是这样的：

1. （空字符串）


2. lipsum1; limpsum1; lipsum1


3. lipsum2; （带有前导空格）


4. lipsum1; limpsum1; lipsum1


5. lipsum2（带有前导空格）

所以，你可以看到你想要输出域＃2，＃4，中间用空格（加上括号后面）。结果
在为循环遍历场2，4，6，等等。结果
在的printf 命令格式为所需的输出 - 默认OFS（输出字段分隔符）是一个空格结果。
在打印，行只是增加了新行循环完成后。

How can I delete all data outside square brackets []?

Example: from

[lipsum1;limpsum1;lipsum1] lipsum2;[lipsum1;limpsum1;lipsum1] lipsum2

I want to obtain:

[lipsum1;limpsum1;lipsum1] [lipsum1;limpsum1;lipsum1]

解决方案

You can use [ and ] as the field separators, and print every 2nd field:

awk -F '[][]' '{for (i=2; i<NF; i+=2) printf "[%s]%s", $i, OFS; print ""}' <<END
[lipsum1;limpsum1;lipsum1] lipsum2;[lipsum1;limpsum1;lipsum1] lipsum2
a [b] c [d] e
nothing here
[one thing]
END

[lipsum1;limpsum1;lipsum1] [lipsum1;limpsum1;lipsum1] 
[b] [d] 

[one thing] 

This weird looking field separator [][] is a regular expression that matches either the [ character or the ] character. When given your sample input, awk will break down the fields like this:

1. "" (empty string)
2. "lipsum1;limpsum1;lipsum1"
3. " lipsum2;" (with a leading space)
4. "lipsum1;limpsum1;lipsum1"
5. " lipsum2" (with a leading space)

So you can see that you want to output fields #2 and #4 (adding the brackets back) with a space in between.
The for loop iterates over fields 2, 4, 6, and so on.
The printf command formats the output as desired -- the default OFS (output field separator) is a space.
The print "" line just adds the newline after the loop is done.

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