解析XHTML时出错：元素的内容必须由格式良好的字符数据或标记组成 [英] Error parsing XHTML: The content of elements must consist of well-formed character data or markup

问题描述

作为此问题的扩展，我正在尝试将Javascript插入< h：commandButton /> 的 onclick 属性为 action 已经呈现了ajax表。

As an extension of this question, I'm trying to insert Javascript to a <h:commandButton />'s onclick property as action is already rendering an ajax table.

我想做什么：
获取所选项目列表框并将它们转换为要在JSF FileServlet 中使用的参数。即 para2 = value1& param = value2& param = value3

What I want to do: Get the selected items in a list box and turn them into parameters to be used in a JSF FileServlet. i.e. para2=value1&param=value2&param=value3

以下是我所拥有的：

<script type ="text/javascript">
function myScript() {
    var box = document.getElementbyId('myForm:box');
    var length = box.options.length;
    var paramstring = "";
    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        if (i != (length - 1) {
            if (box.options[i].selected) {
                paramstring = paramstring + "param=" + box.options[i].value + "&amp;";
            }
        } else {
            paramstring = paramstring + "param=" + box.options[i].value;
        }
    }
    if (document.getElementById('myForm:checkbox').checked) {
        window.location='fileServlet? + paramstring;
    }
}
</script>  

加载页面时得到的结果：
javax.servlet.ServletException：错误解析/page.xhtml：错误跟踪[第15行]元素的内容必须包含格式良好的字符数据或标记。

What I get when page is loaded: javax.servlet.ServletException: Error Parsing /page.xhtml: Error Traced[line:15] The content of elements must consist of well-formed character data or markup.

什么不会触发异常：

<script type ="text/javascript">
function myScript() {
    var box = document.getElementbyId('myForm:box');
    var length = box.options.length;
    var paramstring = "";

    if (document.getElementById('myForm:checkbox').checked) {
        window.location='fileServlet? + paramstring;
    }
}
</script> 

我一加入（var i = 0; i< ; length; i ++）甚至 for（var i = 0; i< 10; i ++）页面无法加载。为什么它不喜欢for循环？

As soon as I add in for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) or even for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) the page wouldn't load. Why does it not like the for loop?

推荐答案

Facelets是一种基于XML的视图技术，它使用XHTML + XML生成HTML输出。 XML有五个特殊字符，由XML解析器进行特殊处理：

Facelets is a XML based view technology which uses XHTML+XML to generate HTML output. XML has five special characters which has special treatment by the XML parser:

• < 标签的开头。


• > 标签的结尾。


• 属性值的开头和结尾。


• '备选方案属性值的开始和结束。


• & 实体的开头（以结尾; ）。

• < the start of a tag.
• > the end of a tag.
• " the start and end of an attribute value.
• ' the alternative start and end of an attribute value.
• & the start of an entity (which ends with ;).

如果< ，XML解析器隐式查找标记名称和结束标记> 。但是，在您的特定情况下，您使用< 作为JavaScript运算符，而不是XML实体。这完全解释了你得到的XML解析错误：

In case of <, the XML parser is implicitly looking for the tag name and the end tag >. However, in your particular case, you was using < as a JavaScript operator, not as an XML entity. This totally explains the XML parsing error you got:

元素的内容必须包含格式良好的字符数据或标记。

The content of elements must consist of well-formed character data or markup.

本质上，你在错误的地方编写JavaScript代码，而不是XML文档一个JS文件，所以你应该相应地转义所有XML特殊字符。必须将< 转义为& lt; 。

In essence, you're writing JavaScript code in the wrong place, a XML document instead of a JS file, so you should be escaping all XML special characters accordingly. The < must be escaped as <.

所以，基本上，

for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {

必须成为

for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {

它是XML有效的。

然而，这使得JavaScript代码更难以阅读和维护。正如Mozilla Developer Network的优秀文档为XHTML编写JavaScript 中所述，您应该放置JavaScript字符数据（CDATA）块中的代码。因此，在JSF术语中，这将是：

However, this makes the JavaScript code harder to read and maintain. As stated in Mozilla Developer Network's excellent document Writing JavaScript for XHTML, you should be placing the JavaScript code in a character data (CDATA) block. Thus, in JSF terms, that would be:

<h:outputScript>
    <![CDATA[
        // ...
    ]]>
</h:outputScript>

XML解析器将块的内容解释为普通的vanilla字符数据，而不是XML，因此解释XML特殊字符按原样。

The XML parser will interpret the block's contents as "plain vanilla" character data and not as XML and hence interpret the XML special characters "as-is".

但更好的是将JS代码放在自己的JS文件中，其中包含< script src> ，或者以JSF术语，< h：outputScript> 。

But, much better is to just put the JS code in its own JS file which you include by <script src>, or in JSF terms, the <h:outputScript>.

<h:outputScript name="functions.js" target="head" />

这样您就不必担心JS代码中的XML特殊字符。

This way you don't need to worry about XML-special characters in your JS code.

• 实体名称必须紧跟'&'在实体参考中


• 是否可以将JSF + Facelets与HTML 4/5一起使用？


• 如何在Facelets模板中引用CSS / JS /图像资源？


• 为XHTML编写JavaScript

• The entity name must immediately follow the '&' in the entity reference
• Is it possible to use JSF+Facelets with HTML 4/5?
• How to reference CSS / JS / image resource in Facelets template?
• Writing JavaScript for XHTML

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