设置JavaScript window.location [英] Setting JavaScript window.location

问题描述

我目前正在设置window.location.pathname属性以将用户重定向到相对URL。新URL包含参数，因此JavaScript行如下所示：

I'm currently setting the window.location.pathname property to redirect the user to a relative URL. The new URL has parameters, so the line of JavaScript looks like this:

window.location.pathname = window.location.pathname.substring( 0, window.location.pathname.lastIndexOf( '/' ) + 1 ) + 'myPage.xhtml?u=' + selected_user.Username;

这在Firefox中很成功，但Chrome会使用'％3F'对问号进行编码，随后请求失败。

This is successful in Firefox, however Chrome encodes the question mark with '%3F' and the request subsequently fails.

我不确定我是否正确使用window.location。我是否需要使用window.location的属性，例如pathname或href？我发现，只要我设置了一个属性，就会重新加载该位置，因此，例如，不能单独设置搜索和路径名属性。可以直接设置window.location吗？我只需要设置一个带参数的相对URL。

I'm not sure if I'm using window.location properly. Do I need to use properties of window.location such as pathname or href? I've found that as soon as I set one property the location is reloaded, so for example, the search and pathname properties can't be set separately. Can window.location be set directly? I only need to set a relative URL with a parameter.

推荐答案

pathname 以及 location 的许多其他属性和链接仅反映网址的部分：

pathname and many other properties of location and links reflect only part of the URL:

http:  //www.example.com/path/to/example.html?param1=2&param3=4#fragment
^protocol^hostname      ^pathname            ^search           ^hash

如你所见，？... 部分网址不属于路径名;将包含？的值写入 location.pathname 是没有意义的，因为URL的该部分不能包含问号。 Chrome通过将字符编码为序列来纠正错误，该序列意味着文字问号，该问号不会终止路径名。

As you can see, the ?... part of the URL is not part of the pathname; it makes no sense to write a value containing ? to location.pathname, as that part of a URL cannot contain a question mark. Chrome is correcting your mistake by encoding the character to a sequence that means a literal question mark, which doesn't terminate pathname.

这些属性非常适合将URL分解为其组成部分以供您处理，但在这种情况下您可能不想写入它们。而是写入 location.href 。这表示整个URL，但写一个相对URL是完全正常的;这将相对于当前值计算出来，因此实际上根本不需要读取和拆分路径名：

These properties are great for breaking a URL into their constituent parts for you to process, but you probably don't want to write to them in this case. Instead, write to location.href. This represents the whole URL, but it's perfectly fine to write a relative URL to it; this will be worked out relative to the current value, so there is in fact no need to read and split the pathname at all:

location.href= 'myPage.xhtml?u='+encodeURIComponent(selected_user.Username);

请注意URL编码。如果用户名可以包含字母数字以外的字符，您可能需要这个来阻止那些破坏参数的字符。在将任意字符串放入URL的一部分之前，始终对其进行URL编码。

Note the URL-encoding. If a username can contain characters other than alphanumerics you will probably need this to stop those characters breaking the parameter. Always URL-encode arbitrary strings before putting them into part of a URL.

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