有没有“简洁”的说法。在JavaScript中进行命名空间的方法？ [英] Is there a "concise" way to do namespacing in JavaScript?

问题描述

我经常遇到将所有JavaScript放在命名空间结构中的网站：

I've frequently encountered sites that put all of their JavaScript inside a namespace structure along the lines of:

namespaces = { com : { example: { example.com's data} }

然而，相对于其他命名空间框架安全地设置它似乎需要相对大量的代码（定义为> 2行）。我想知道是否有人知道这样做的简洁方法？此外，是否有相对标准/一致的结构方式？例如， com 命名空间是直接附加到全局对象，还是通过命名空间对象附加？

However, setting this up safely with respect to other namespaced frameworks seems to require a relatively hefty amount of code (defined as > 2 lines). I was wondering whether anyone knows of a concise way to do this? Furthermore, whether there's a relatively standard/consistent way to structure it? For example, is the com namespace directly attached to the global object, or is it attached through a namespace object?

推荐答案

Javascript没有独立的命名空间。它具有可以提供解析名称和对象的范围的功能，这些功能可以对给定范围内可访问的命名数据做出贡献。

Javascript doesn't have stand-alone namespaces. It has functions, which can provide scope for resolving names, and objects, which can contribute to the named data accessible in a given scope.

以下是您的示例，已更正：

Here's your example, corrected:

var namespaces = { com: { example: { /* example.com's data */ } } }

这是一个变量名称空间被分配了一个对象文字。该对象包含一个属性： com ，一个具有一个属性的对象： example ，一个可能包含一些有趣内容的对象。

This is a variable namespaces being assigned an object literal. The object contains one property: com, an object with one property: example, an object which presumably would contain something interesting.

因此，您可以键入类似 namespaces.com.example。 somePropertyOrFunctionOnExample 的内容，它们都可以正常工作。当然，这也是荒谬的。你没有一个分层命名空间，你有一个包含一个对象的对象，该对象包含你真正关心的东西。

So, you can type something like namespaces.com.example.somePropertyOrFunctionOnExample and it'll all work. Of course, it's also ridiculous. You don't have a hierarchical namespace, you have an object containing an object containing an object with the stuff you actually care about.

var com_example_data = { /* example.com's data */ };

同样有效，没有无意义的层次结构。

That works just as well, without the pointless hierarchy.

现在，如果您实际上想要构建层次结构，您可以尝试这样的事情：

Now, if you actually want to build a hierarchy, you can try something like this:

com_example = com_example || {};
com_example.flags = com_example.flags || { active: false, restricted: true};

com_example.ops = com_example.ops || (function()
    {
       var launchCodes = "38925491753824"; // hidden / private
       return {
         activate: function() { /* ... */ },
         destroyTheWorld: function() { /* ... */ }
       };
    })();

...这是恕我直言，相当简洁。

...which is, IMHO, reasonably concise.

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