Javascript - 对象初始化程序？ [英] Javascript - object initializer?

问题描述

我已经意识到你可以像这样自动运行一个对象中的属性：

I've realized you can have a property in an object run automatically like this:

var obj = {

    init:(function(){ alert('loaded');})();

}

我正在尝试将此方法用作初始值设定项物体。我遇到的问题是将对'obj'的引用传递给init属性。我怀疑它会产生错误，因为obj还没有在浏览器中完全构建。我正在尝试执行以下操作，但未成功。如果有办法做到这一点，我很想知道如何。

I'm trying to use this method as an initializer for the object. The problem I'm running into is passing a reference to 'obj' to the init property. I suspect it generates errors because the obj hasn't been completely built in browser yet. I'm trying to do the following, but unsuccessfully. If there's a way to do this, I'd love to know how.

var obj = {
    prop:function(){ alert('This just ran.'); },
    init:(function(){ obj.prop(); })();
}

推荐答案

如果你想创建多个类似对象的实例，你应该使用普通的老构造函数（记得把共享属性放在原型中！）。

If you want to create multiple instances of similar objects, you should use plain old constructor functions (remember to put shared properties in the prototype!).

如果你想创建一个对象，考虑使用一个匿名的构造函数。你的例子如下：

If you want to create a single object, consider using an anonymous constructor. Your example would read:

var obj = new (function() {
    this.prop = function() {
        alert('This just ran.');
    }

    // init code goes here:
    this.prop();
});

这比对象文字有额外的好处：构造函数可以用作'私有的闭包'变量。

This has an additional benefit over object literals: the constructor function can be used as a closure over 'private' variables.

不要过度使用对象文字：它们可能使简单的事情变得简单，但复杂的事情会变得过于复杂。

Don't overuse object literals: they may make simple things simple, but complex things will get overly complicated.

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