创建使用< all>打开的有效XSD和< any>分子 [英] Creating a valid XSD that is open using <all> and <any> elements

问题描述

我需要指定一个XSD来验证XML文档。 XSD将用于JAXB生成的Java绑定。
我的问题是指定可选元素，我不知道其名称以及我一般对解析不感兴趣。

I need to specify a XSD for validating XML documents. The XSD will be used for a JAXB generation of Java bindings. My problem is specifying optional elements which I do not know the names of and which I in general am not interested in parsing.

XML文档的结构如下：

The structure of the XML documents is like:

<TRADE>
  <TIME>12:12</TIME>
  <MJELLO>12345</MJELLO>
  <OPTIONAL>12:12</OPTIONAL>
  <DATE>25-10-2011</DATE>
  <HELLO>hello should be ignored</HELLO>
</TRADE>

重要的是：

• 我不能假设任何订单，下一个XML文档实例migtht有不同顺序的标签


• 我只对解析某些标签感兴趣，一些是强制性的，一些是可选的


• XML文档可以使用我不感兴趣解析的新元素进行扩展

我的XSD结构就像（ 不是有效的xsd ）：

The structure of my XSD is like (not a valid xsd):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">

  <!-- *********************************************** -->
  <!-- Trade element definitions for the XML Documents -->
  <!-- *********************************************** -->

  <xs:complexType name="Trade">
    <!-- Using the all construction ensures that the order does not matter -->
    <xs:all>
      <xs:element name="DATE" type="xs:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" />
      <xs:element name="TIME" type="xs:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" />
      <xs:element name="OPTIONAL" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
      <xs:any minOccurs="0"/>
    </xs:all>
  </xs:complexType>

  <!-- TRADE is the mandatory top-level tag -->
  <xs:element name="TRADE" type="Trade"/>

</xs:schema>

因此，在此示例中：DATE和TIME是必需的（它们必须在XML中一次） ，OPTIONAL可能会出现一次然后我想指定，所有其他标签都是允许的。订单无关紧要。

So, in this example: DATE and TIME are mandatory (they must be in the XML exactly once), OPTIONAL might be present once and then I would like to specify, that all other tags are allowed. The order does not matter.

如何为此指定有效的XSD？

How do I specify a valid XSD for this?

推荐答案

这是一个经典的解析器问题。

This is a classic parser problem.

基本上，你的BNF是：

Basically, your BNF is:

Trade    = whatever whatever*
whatever = "DATE"  | "TIME" | anything
anything = a-z a-z*

但这是不明智的。字符串DATE都可以在DATE和任何内容的任何规则下接受。

But this is ambigous. The string "DATE" can both be accepted under the whatever rule as "DATE" and as anything.

所以如果你有

<TRADE>
  <TIME>12:12</TIME>
  <DATE>25-10-2011</DATE>
  <DATE>25-12-2011</DATE>
</TRADE>

目前还不清楚是否应该接受。

it is unclear whether that should be accepted or not.

可以解释其中一个

"TIME", "DATE", anything
anything, anything, "DATE"
anything, anything, anything
"TIME", "DATE", anything
"TIME", "DATE", "DATE"
etc.

这一切归结为：如果你有一个通配符和随机序列，你就无法有意义地决定哪个令牌匹配哪个规则。

It all boils down to: If you have a wildcard combined with random sequence, you cannot meaningfully decide which token matches which rule.

将可选元素与wilcard一起使用尤其没用。

It especially does not make sense to have optional elements together with a wilcard.

你有两个选项：

• 使用xs：sequence而不是xs：all


• 不要使用通配符

据我了解，这两个选项都与您的意愿相冲突。

As I understand it, both options are in conflict with your wishes.

也许你可以构建一个匹配所有的通配符，除了 DATE，TIME等。

Perhaps you can construct a wildcard that matches everything except DATE, TIME etc.

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