自动化Microsoft Access [英] automate Microsoft Access

问题描述

 

我想在Access Runtime中的不同主题中创建2个不同的.accde文件的2个实例， 

但收到错误消息： 

"调用线程无法访问此对象，因为不同的线程拥有它。"

Access.Application oAccessOne = null;

Access .Application oAccessTwo = null;

private void createInstances（）

        {

            Parallel.Invoke（（）=>

         {

            Console.WriteLine（" Begin first task ..."）;

            oAccessOne = ShellGetApp（@"""" + @" C：\Users\user\Downloads\One.accde" + @"""" + QUOT; /运行/嵌入和QUOT ;, ProcessWindowStyle.Minimized）;

        }，  //靠近第一操作



        （）=>

          {

           Console.WriteLine（"开始第二个任务..." ;）;

           oAccessTwo = She llGetApp（@"""" + @" C：\ Users \ user \Downloads \Two.accde" + @"""" +" / runtime / EMBEDDING"，ProcessWindowStyle.Minimized）;

                } //，  //关闭第二个动作



< /跨度>）; // close parallel.invoke



  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //设置可见

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; if（！oAccessEPM.Visible）

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; oAccessEPM.Visible = true;



  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; if（！oAccessMPM.Visible）

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; oAccessMPM.Visible = true;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }


私有Access.Application ShellGetApp（字符串sCmdLine，ProcessWindowStyle enuWindowStyle）

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; Access.Application oAccess = null;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; string sAccPath = null; // msaccess.exe的路径

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;处理p = null;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; int iMaxTries = 20; //最大GetActiveObject在失败之前尝试

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; int iTries = 0; // GetActiveObject尝试制作



  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //启用异常处理程序：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;试试
  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //获取msaccess.exe的路径：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; // tuka e patot

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; sAccPath = GetOfficeAppPath（"Access.Application"，"msaccess.exe"）;
$


  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; if（sAccPath == null）

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; MessageBox.Show（"无法确定msaccess.exe的路径"）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;返回null;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }


  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //开始传递sCmdLine的新Access实例：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo（）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; startInfo.FileName = sAccPath;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; startInfo.Arguments = sCmdLine;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; startInfo.WindowStyle = enuWindowStyle;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; p = Process.Start（startInfo）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; p.WaitForInputIdle（60000）; //最多1分钟等待空闲输入状态



  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //将焦点移回此表单。这确保了访问权限
  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //在ROT中注册自己：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; this.Activate（）;



  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; tryGetActiveObject：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //启用异常处理程序：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;试试
  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //尝试使用GetActiveObject引用正在运行的$
  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //访问实例：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; oAccess =（Access.Application）Marshal.GetActiveObject（" Access.Application"）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }¥b $ b  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;抓住
  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; // GetActiveObject可能已失败，因为有足够的时间没有b $ b  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //已过去查找正在运行的Office应用程序。等一下1/2

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //秒并重试GetActiveObject。如果您尝试iMaxTries

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //次和GetActiveObject仍然失败，假设其他一些为
  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; // GetActiveObject失败的原因并退出程序。

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; iTries ++;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; if（iTries< iMaxTries）

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; System.Threading.Thread.Sleep（500）; //等待1/2秒

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; this.Activate（）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;转到tryGetActiveObject;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }¥b $ b  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; MessageBox.Show（QUOT;无法GetActiveObject后" +

&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP; iTries + QUOT;尝试。"）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;返回null;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }


  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //返回Access Application对象：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;返回oAccess;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }¥b $ b  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; catch（例外e）

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; MessageBox.Show（e.Message）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //由于意外错误，请尝试退出访问权限：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;尝试//使用try..catch以防oAccess未设置

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; oAccess.Quit（Access.AcQuitOption.acQuitSaveNone）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }¥b $ b  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; catch {}

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; NAR（oAccess）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; oAccess = null;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;返回null;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }¥b $ b  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }


私有字符串GetOfficeAppPath（字符串sProgId，字符串sEXE）

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //返回Office应用程序的路径。例如

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //GetOfficeAppPath("Access.Application"，" msaccess.exe"）返回

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; // Microsoft Access的完整路径。基于Q240794的方法。

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //如果在注册表中找不到路径，则返回null。



  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //启用异常处理程序：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;试试
  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey oReg =

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;   Microsoft.Win32.Registry.LocalMachine;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey oKey = null;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; string sCLSID = null;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; string sPath = null;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; int iPos = 0;



  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //首先，从注册表项中获取progid的clsid

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; // HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \Software \Classes \< PROGID> \ CLSID：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; oKey = oReg.OpenSubKey（@" Software \Classes \" + sProgId + @" \ CLSID"）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; sCLSID = oKey.GetValue（""）。ToString（）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; oKey.Close（）;



  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //现在我们有了CLSID，找到服务器路径为

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; // HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \Software \Classes \CLSID \ 

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; // {xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxx} \ LocalServer32：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;奥基= oReg.OpenSubKey（@" Software\Classes\CLSID\" + sCLSID +

&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBSP ; @" \ LocalServer32"）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; sPath = oKey.GetValue（""）。ToString（）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; oKey.Close（）;



  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //删除exe名称以外的任何字符：

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; iPos = sPath.ToUpper（）。IndexOf（sEXE.ToUpper（））; //基于0的位置

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; sPath = sPath.Substring（0，iPos + sEXE.Length）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; return sPath.Trim（）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }¥b $ b  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; catch（例外e）

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; string sta = e.ToString（）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;返回null;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }¥b $ b  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }


  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;私人空虚NAR（对象o）

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; //释放Automation对象。

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP;尝试//使用try..catch，以防o未设置为
  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; {

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; Marshal.ReleaseComObject（o）;

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }¥b $ b  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; catch {}

  &NBSP; &NBSP; &NBSP; }

解决方案

如果我理解你的代码， Marshal.GetActiveObject将返回当前正在运行的实例。如果你想在一个单独的线程上创建一个新实例，我想你可能想要Activator.CreateInstance。

另外，请记住Office应用程序不支持多个线程进入一次运行实例

Hi, 

I want to create 2 instances of 2 different .accde files in different threads in Access Runtime, 

but I get error message: 

"The calling thread cannot access this object because different thread owns it."

Access.Application oAccessOne = null;
Access.Application oAccessTwo = null;
private void createInstances()
        {
            Parallel.Invoke(() =>
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Begin first task...");
                    oAccessOne = ShellGetApp(@"""" + @"C:\Users\user\Downloads\One.accde" + @"""" + " /runtime /EMBEDDING", ProcessWindowStyle.Minimized);
                },  // close first Action

                () =>
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Begin second task...");
                    oAccessTwo = ShellGetApp(@"""" + @"C:\Users\user\Downloads\Two.accde" + @"""" + " /runtime /EMBEDDING", ProcessWindowStyle.Minimized);
                } //,  //close second Action

); //close parallel.invoke

            // set visible
            if (!oAccessEPM.Visible)
                oAccessEPM.Visible = true;

            if (!oAccessMPM.Visible)
                oAccessMPM.Visible = true;
        }

private Access.Application ShellGetApp(string sCmdLine, ProcessWindowStyle enuWindowStyle)
        {
            Access.Application oAccess = null;
            string sAccPath = null; //path to msaccess.exe
            Process p = null;
            int iMaxTries = 20; //max GetActiveObject attempts before failing
            int iTries = 0; //GetActiveObject attempts made

            // Enable exception handler:
            try
            {
                // Obtain the path to msaccess.exe:
                // tuka e patot
                sAccPath = GetOfficeAppPath("Access.Application", "msaccess.exe");

                if (sAccPath == null)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("Can't determine path to msaccess.exe");
                    return null;
                }

                // Start a new instance of Access passing sCmdLine:
                ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo();
                startInfo.FileName = sAccPath;
                startInfo.Arguments = sCmdLine;
                startInfo.WindowStyle = enuWindowStyle;
                p = Process.Start(startInfo);
                p.WaitForInputIdle(60000); //max 1 minute wait for idle input state

                // Move focus back to this form. This ensures that Access
                // registers itself in the ROT:
                this.Activate();

                tryGetActiveObject:
                // Enable exception handler:
                try
                {
                    // Attempt to use GetActiveObject to reference a running
                    // instance of Access:
                    oAccess = (Access.Application)Marshal.GetActiveObject("Access.Application");
                }
                catch
                {
                    //GetActiveObject may have failed because enough time has not
                    //elapsed to find the running Office application. Wait 1/2
                    //second and retry the GetActiveObject. If you try iMaxTries
                    //times and GetActiveObject still fails, assume some other
                    //reason for GetActiveObject failing and exit the procedure.
                    iTries++;
                    if (iTries < iMaxTries)
                    {
                        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(500); //wait 1/2 second
                        this.Activate();
                        goto tryGetActiveObject;
                    }
                    MessageBox.Show("Unable to GetActiveObject after " +
                       iTries + " tries.");
                    return null;
                }

                // Return the Access Application object:
                return oAccess;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(e.Message);
                // Try to quit Access due to an unexpected error:
                try // use try..catch in case oAccess is not set
                {
                    oAccess.Quit(Access.AcQuitOption.acQuitSaveNone);
                }
                catch { }
                NAR(oAccess);
                oAccess = null;
                return null;
            }
        }

private string GetOfficeAppPath(string sProgId, string sEXE)
        {
            //Returns path of the Office application. e.g.
            //GetOfficeAppPath("Access.Application", "msaccess.exe") returns
            //full path to Microsoft Access. Approach based on Q240794.
            //Returns null if path not found in registry.

            // Enable exception handler:
            try
            {
                Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey oReg =
                   Microsoft.Win32.Registry.LocalMachine;
                Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey oKey = null;
                string sCLSID = null;
                string sPath = null;
                int iPos = 0;

                // First, get the clsid from the progid from the registry key
                // HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\<PROGID>\CLSID:
                oKey = oReg.OpenSubKey(@"Software\Classes\" + sProgId + @"\CLSID");
                sCLSID = oKey.GetValue("").ToString();
                oKey.Close();

                // Now that we have the CLSID, locate the server path at
                // HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\CLSID\ 
                // {xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxx}\LocalServer32:
                oKey = oReg.OpenSubKey(@"Software\Classes\CLSID\" + sCLSID +
                   @"\LocalServer32");
                sPath = oKey.GetValue("").ToString();
                oKey.Close();

                // Remove any characters beyond the exe name:
                iPos = sPath.ToUpper().IndexOf(sEXE.ToUpper()); // 0-based position
                sPath = sPath.Substring(0, iPos + sEXE.Length);
                return sPath.Trim();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                string sta = e.ToString();
                return null;
            }
        }

        private void NAR(object o)
        {
            // Releases the Automation object.
            try // use try..catch in case o is not set
            {
                Marshal.ReleaseComObject(o);
            }
            catch { }
        }

解决方案

If I understand your code, Marshal.GetActiveObject will simply return a currently running instance. I think you probably want Activator.CreateInstance if you want to create a new instance on a separate thread.

Also, keep in mind the the Office apps do not support multiple threads into a single running instance.

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