如何通过串行端口从微控制器接收消息（逐行）接收事件，如超级终端？ [英] how can I receive messages (line by line) through serial port from microcontroller by received event like hyperterminal?
本文介绍了如何通过串行端口从微控制器接收消息（逐行）接收事件，如超级终端？的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
亲爱的朋友们，
我在这个论坛和其他网站上阅读了很多关于串口通信的讨论，并使用windows form应用程序和datareceived在visual studio 2012（c ++）中编写以下代码事件但它不起作用：
#pragma once
命名空间 WindowsFormsApplication1 {
使用 命名空间系统;
使用 命名空间 System :: ComponentModel;
使用 命名空间 System :: Collections;
使用 命名空间 System :: Windows :: Forms;
使用 命名空间 System :: Data;
使用 命名空间 System :: Drawing;
使用 命名空间 System :: IO :: Ports;
/// < 摘要 >
/// Form1的摘要
/// < / summary >
public ref class Form1： public System :: Windows :: Forms :: Form
{
// 委托void SetTextCallback（String ^ text）;
String ^ data1;
// 委托void SetTextCallback（System :: Object ^ sender，System :: EventArgs ^ e）;
// 创建委托
// 委托void invokeDelegate（）; //没有参数传递
public ：
Form1（ void ）
{
InitializeComponent（）;
findPorts（）;
//
// TODO：在此处添加构造函数代码
// < span class =code-comment>
}
protected ：
/// < 摘要 >
/// 清理正在使用的所有资源。
/// < / summary >
~Form1（）
{
if （components）
{
删除组件;
}
}
private ：System :: IO :: Ports :: SerialPort ^ serialPort1;
protected ：
private ：System :: Windows :: Forms :: ComboBox ^ comboBox1;
private ：System :: Windows :: Forms :: Label ^ label1;
private ：System :: Windows :: Forms :: Label ^ label2;
private ：System :: Windows :: Forms :: ComboBox ^ comboBox2;
private ：System :: Windows :: Forms :: Button ^ button1;
private ：System :: Windows :: Forms :: Button ^ button2;
private ：System :: Windows :: Forms :: TextBox ^ textBox1;
private ：System :: Windows :: Forms :: ProgressBar ^ progressBar1;
private ：System :: Windows :: Forms :: Label ^ label3;
private ：System :: ComponentModel :: IContainer ^ components;
private ：
/// < 摘要 >
/// 必需的设计变量。
/// < / summary >
< span class =code-preprocessor> #pragma region Windows窗体设计器生成的代码
/// < 摘要 >
/// Designer支持所需的方法 - 不要修改
/// 使用代码编辑器的方法的内容。
/// < / summary >
void InitializeComponent（ void ）
{
this-> components =（gcnew System :: ComponentModel :: Container（） ）;
this-> serialPort1 =（gcnew System :: IO :: Ports :: SerialPort（this-> components））;
this-> comboBox1 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: ComboBox（））;
this-> label1 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: Label（））;
this-> label2 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: Label（））;
this-> comboBox2 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: ComboBox（））;
this-> button1 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: Button（））;
this-> button2 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: Button（））;
this-> textBox1 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: TextBox（））;
this-> progressBar1 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: ProgressBar（））;
this-> label3 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: Label（））;
this-> SuspendLayout（）;
//
// serialPort1
//
this-> serialPort1-> DataReceived + = gcnew System :: IO :: Ports :: SerialDataReceivedEventHandler（ this ，& Form1： ：serialPort1_DataReceived）;
//
// comboBox1
//
this-> comboBox1-> FormattingEnabled = true ;
this-> comboBox1-> Location = System :: Drawing :: Point（ 212 ， 16 < /跨度>）;
this-> comboBox1-> Name = L comboBox1;
this-> comboBox1-> Size = System :: Drawing :: Size（ 121 ， 21 < /跨度>）;
this-> comboBox1-> TabIndex = 0 ;
//
// label1
//
this-> label1-> AutoSize = true ;
this-> label1-> Location = System :: Drawing :: Point（ 148 ， 20 < /跨度>）;
this-> label1-> Name = L label1;
this-> label1-> Size = System :: Drawing :: Size（ 58 ， 13 < /跨度>）;
this-> label1-> TabIndex = 1 ;
this-> label1-> Text = L COM Ports;
//
// label2
//
this-> label2-> AutoSize = true ;
this-> label2-> Location = System :: Drawing :: Point（ 148 ， 47 < /跨度>）;
this-> label2-> Name = L label2;
this-> label2-> Size = System :: Drawing :: Size（ 58 ， 13 < /跨度>）;
this-> label2-> TabIndex = 2 ;
this-> label2-> Text = L 波特率;
//
// comboBox2
//
this-> comboBox2-> FormattingEnabled = true ;
this-> comboBox2-> Items-> AddRange（gcnew cli :: array< System :: Object ^ > （ 1 ）{L 9600}）;
this-> comboBox2-> Location = System :: Drawing :: Point（ 212 ， 44 < /跨度>）;
this-> comboBox2-> Name = L comboBox2;
this-> comboBox2-> Size = System :: Drawing :: Size（ 121 ， 21 < /跨度>）;
this-> comboBox2-> TabIndex = 3 ;
//
// button1
//
this-> button1-> Location = System :: Drawing :: Point（ 26 ， 10 ）;
this-> button1-> Name = L button1;
this-> button1-> Size = System :: Drawing :: Size（ 75 ， 23 < /跨度>）;
this-> button1-> TabIndex = 4 ;
this-> button1-> Text = L 初始化端口;
this-> button1-> UseVisualStyleBackColor = true ;
this-> button1->点击+ = gcnew System :: EventHandler（ this ，& Form1 :: button1_Click）;
//
// button2
//
this-> button2-> Location = System :: Drawing :: Point（ 26 ， 42 ）;
this-> button2-> Name = L button2;
this-> button2-> Size = System :: Drawing :: Size（ 75 ， 23 < /跨度>）;
this-> button2-> TabIndex = 5 ;
this-> button2-> Text = L 关闭端口;
this-> button2-> UseVisualStyleBackColor = true ;
this-> button2->点击+ = gcnew System :: EventHandler（ this ，& Form1 :: button2_Click）;
//
// textBox1
//
this-> textBox1-> Enabled = false ;
this-> textBox1-> Location = System :: Drawing :: Point（ 12 ， 87 < /跨度>）;
this-> textBox1-> Multiline = true ;
this-> textBox1-> Name = L textBox1;
this-> textBox1-> ReadOnly = true ;
this-> textBox1-> ScrollBars = System :: Windows :: Forms :: ScrollBars :: Vertical;
this-> textBox1-> Size = System :: Drawing :: Size（ 447 ， 163 < /跨度>）;
this-> textBox1-> TabIndex = 6 ;
//
// progressBar1
//
this-> progressBar1-> Location = System :: Drawing :: Point（ 359 ， 39 ）;
this-> progressBar1-> Name = L progressBar1;
this-> progressBar1-> Size = System :: Drawing :: Size（ 100 ， 23 < /跨度>）;
this-> progressBar1-> TabIndex = 8 ;
//
// label3
//
this-> label3-> AutoSize = true ;
this-> label3-> Location = System :: Drawing :: Point（ 359 ， 19 < /跨度>）;
this-> label3-> Name = L label3;
this-> label3-> Size = System :: Drawing :: Size（ 63 ， 13 < /跨度>）;
this-> label3-> TabIndex = 9 ;
this-> label3-> Text = L Port STatus;
//
// Form1
//
this-> AutoScaleDimensions = System :: Drawing :: SizeF（ 6 ， 13 ）;
this-> AutoScaleMode = System :: Windows :: Forms :: AutoScaleMode :: Font;
this-> ClientSize = System :: Drawing :: Size（ 471 ， 262 ） ;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> comboBox2）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> label2）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> comboBox1）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> label1）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> label3）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> progressBar1）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> textBox1）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> button2）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> button1）;
this-> Name = L Form1;
this-> Text = L Form1;
this-> ResumeLayout（ false ）;
this-> PerformLayout（）;
}
#pragma endregion
// 查找序列可用端口
private ： void findPorts（ void ）
{
// 获取端口名称
array< Object ^> ^ objectArray = SerialPort :: GetPortNames（）;
// 将字符串数组添加到组合框
this-> comboBox1-> ; Items-> AddRange（objectArray）;
}
// 初始化按钮
private ：System :: Void button1_Click（System :: Object ^ sender，System :: EventArgs ^ e）{
this- > textBox1-> Text = String :: Empty;
if （this-> comboBox1-> Text == String :: Empty | | this-> comboBox2-> Text == String :: Empty）
this-> textBox1-> Text = 请选择端口设置;
其他 {
尝试 {
// 确保端口未打开
如果 （！this-> serialPort1-> IsOpen）{
this-> serialPort1-> PortName = this-> comboBox1-> Text;
this-> serialPort1-> BaudRate = Int32 :: Parse（this-> comboBox2-> Text）;
// this-> textBox1-> Text =在此处输入消息;
// 打开串口
this-> serialPort1->打开（）;
this-> progressBar1-> Value = 100 ;
this-> button1->已启用= false ;
}
else
this-> textBox1-> Text = 端口未打开;
}
catch （UnauthorizedAccessException ^）{
this-> textBox1-> Text = UnauthorizedAccess;
}
}
}
// 关闭按钮
private ：System :: Void button2_Click（System :: Object ^ sender，System :: EventArgs ^ e）{
// close serialPort
this-> serialPort1-> Close（）;
// 更新进度条
this-> progressBar1-> Value = 0 ;
// 启用阅读按钮
// this-> button2-> Enabled = true;
// 启用初始化按钮
this-> button1-> Enabled = true ;
// ovalShape
/ / this-> ovalShape1-> FillColor = Color :: Red;
}
private ：System :: Void serialPort1_DataReceived（System :: Object ^ sender，System :: IO :: Ports :: SerialDataReceivedEventArgs ^ e）{
data1 = serialPort1-> ReadExisting（）;
textBox1-> Text = textBox1-> Text + data1 + \\\\ n ;
this-> Invoke（gcnew EventHandler（ this ，& Form1 :: SetTextCallback））;
// this-> BeginInvoke（gcnew invokeDelegate（this，& Form1 :: SetTextCallback））;
}
private ：System :: Void SetTextCallback（System :: Object ^ sender，System :: EventArgs ^ e）
{
this-> textBox1-> AppendText（data1）;
// this-> textBox1-> Text = data1;
// this-> textBox1-> Text =test;
}
};
}
可以查看并指导我解决这个问题？
解决方案
这个：
// Form1
//
this-> AutoScaleDimensions = System :: Drawing :: SizeF（ 6 ， 13 ）;
this-> AutoScaleMode = System :: Windows :: Forms :: AutoScaleMode :: Font;
this-> ClientSize = System :: Drawing :: Size（ 471 ， 262 ） ;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> comboBox2）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> label2）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> comboBox1）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> label1）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> label3）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> progressBar1）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> textBox1）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> button2）;
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> button1）;
this-> Name = L Form1;
this-> Text = L Form1;
this-> ResumeLayout（ false ）;
this-> PerformLayout（）;
不是同一个：< br $>
this-> components =（gcnew System :: ComponentModel :: Container（））;
this-> serialPort1 =（gcnew System :: IO :: Ports :: SerialPort（this-> components））;
this-> comboBox1 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: ComboBox（））;
this-> label1 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: Label（））;
this-> label2 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: Label（））;
this-> comboBox2 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: ComboBox（））;
this-> button1 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: Button（））;
this-> button2 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: Button（））;
this-> textBox1 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: TextBox（））;
this-> progressBar1 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: ProgressBar（））;
this-> label3 =（gcnew System :: Windows :: Forms :: Label（））;
this-> SuspendLayout（）;
似乎你忘记添加：
this-> Controls-> Add（this-> serialPort1）;
所以恕我直言，你粘贴了足够的代码来确定错误。
不，我做得很对。串口通讯工作正常。例如，我可以通过按下按钮并更改文本框或标签的Text属性来接收消息，但我无需按任何按钮即可从串口事件接收消息。
如果我添加this-> Controls-> Add（this-> serialPort1）;到代码，VS显示此错误：
错误C2664：'System :: Windows :: Forms :: Control :: ControlCollection :: Add'：无法转换参数1从'System :: IO :: Ports :: SerialPort ^'到'System :: Windows :: Forms :: Control ^'
Dear friends,
I read a lot of past discussions about serial port communication in this forum nd other websites and write the following code in visual studio 2012 (c++) by using windows form application and datareceived event but it's not working:
#pragma once
namespace WindowsFormsApplication1 {
using namespace System;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
using namespace System::Data;
using namespace System::Drawing;
using namespace System::IO::Ports;
/// <summary>
/// Summary for Form1
/// </summary>
public ref class Form1 : public System::Windows::Forms::Form
{
//delegate void SetTextCallback(String^ text);
String^ data1;
//delegate void SetTextCallback(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e);
// create a delegte
//delegate void invokeDelegate(); // no parameter passing
public:
Form1(void)
{
InitializeComponent();
findPorts();
//
//TODO: Add the constructor code here
//
}
protected:
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
~Form1()
{
if (components)
{
delete components;
}
}
private: System::IO::Ports::SerialPort^ serialPort1;
protected:
private: System::Windows::Forms::ComboBox^ comboBox1;
private: System::Windows::Forms::Label^ label1;
private: System::Windows::Forms::Label^ label2;
private: System::Windows::Forms::ComboBox^ comboBox2;
private: System::Windows::Forms::Button^ button1;
private: System::Windows::Forms::Button^ button2;
private: System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ textBox1;
private: System::Windows::Forms::ProgressBar^ progressBar1;
private: System::Windows::Forms::Label^ label3;
private: System::ComponentModel::IContainer^ components;
private:
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
void InitializeComponent(void)
{
this->components = (gcnew System::ComponentModel::Container());
this->serialPort1 = (gcnew System::IO::Ports::SerialPort(this->components));
this->comboBox1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::ComboBox());
this->label1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Label());
this->label2 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Label());
this->comboBox2 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::ComboBox());
this->button1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button());
this->button2 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button());
this->textBox1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::TextBox());
this->progressBar1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::ProgressBar());
this->label3 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Label());
this->SuspendLayout();
//
// serialPort1
//
this->serialPort1->DataReceived += gcnew System::IO::Ports::SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(this, &Form1::serialPort1_DataReceived);
//
// comboBox1
//
this->comboBox1->FormattingEnabled = true;
this->comboBox1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(212, 16);
this->comboBox1->Name = L"comboBox1";
this->comboBox1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(121, 21);
this->comboBox1->TabIndex = 0;
//
// label1
//
this->label1->AutoSize = true;
this->label1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(148, 20);
this->label1->Name = L"label1";
this->label1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(58, 13);
this->label1->TabIndex = 1;
this->label1->Text = L"COM Ports";
//
// label2
//
this->label2->AutoSize = true;
this->label2->Location = System::Drawing::Point(148, 47);
this->label2->Name = L"label2";
this->label2->Size = System::Drawing::Size(58, 13);
this->label2->TabIndex = 2;
this->label2->Text = L"Baud Rate";
//
// comboBox2
//
this->comboBox2->FormattingEnabled = true;
this->comboBox2->Items->AddRange(gcnew cli::array< System::Object^ >(1) {L"9600"});
this->comboBox2->Location = System::Drawing::Point(212, 44);
this->comboBox2->Name = L"comboBox2";
this->comboBox2->Size = System::Drawing::Size(121, 21);
this->comboBox2->TabIndex = 3;
//
// button1
//
this->button1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(26, 10);
this->button1->Name = L"button1";
this->button1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(75, 23);
this->button1->TabIndex = 4;
this->button1->Text = L"Initialize Port";
this->button1->UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this->button1->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this, &Form1::button1_Click);
//
// button2
//
this->button2->Location = System::Drawing::Point(26, 42);
this->button2->Name = L"button2";
this->button2->Size = System::Drawing::Size(75, 23);
this->button2->TabIndex = 5;
this->button2->Text = L"Close Port";
this->button2->UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this->button2->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this, &Form1::button2_Click);
//
// textBox1
//
this->textBox1->Enabled = false;
this->textBox1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(12, 87);
this->textBox1->Multiline = true;
this->textBox1->Name = L"textBox1";
this->textBox1->ReadOnly = true;
this->textBox1->ScrollBars = System::Windows::Forms::ScrollBars::Vertical;
this->textBox1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(447, 163);
this->textBox1->TabIndex = 6;
//
// progressBar1
//
this->progressBar1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(359, 39);
this->progressBar1->Name = L"progressBar1";
this->progressBar1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(100, 23);
this->progressBar1->TabIndex = 8;
//
// label3
//
this->label3->AutoSize = true;
this->label3->Location = System::Drawing::Point(359, 19);
this->label3->Name = L"label3";
this->label3->Size = System::Drawing::Size(63, 13);
this->label3->TabIndex = 9;
this->label3->Text = L"Port STatus";
//
// Form1
//
this->AutoScaleDimensions = System::Drawing::SizeF(6, 13);
this->AutoScaleMode = System::Windows::Forms::AutoScaleMode::Font;
this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(471, 262);
this->Controls->Add(this->comboBox2);
this->Controls->Add(this->label2);
this->Controls->Add(this->comboBox1);
this->Controls->Add(this->label1);
this->Controls->Add(this->label3);
this->Controls->Add(this->progressBar1);
this->Controls->Add(this->textBox1);
this->Controls->Add(this->button2);
this->Controls->Add(this->button1);
this->Name = L"Form1";
this->Text = L"Form1";
this->ResumeLayout(false);
this->PerformLayout();
}
#pragma endregion
//find serial available ports
private: void findPorts(void)
{
// get port names
array<Object^>^ objectArray = SerialPort::GetPortNames();
// add string array to combobox
this->comboBox1->Items->AddRange( objectArray );
}
//init button
private: System::Void button1_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {
this->textBox1->Text=String::Empty;
if(this->comboBox1->Text==String::Empty || this->comboBox2->Text==String::Empty)
this->textBox1->Text="Please Select Port Settings";
else {
try{
// make sure port isn't open
if(!this->serialPort1->IsOpen){
this->serialPort1->PortName=this->comboBox1->Text;
this->serialPort1->BaudRate=Int32::Parse(this->comboBox2->Text);
//this->textBox1->Text="Enter Message Here";
//open serial port
this->serialPort1->Open();
this->progressBar1->Value=100;
this->button1->Enabled = false;
}
else
this->textBox1->Text="Port isn't openned";
}
catch(UnauthorizedAccessException^){
this->textBox1->Text="UnauthorizedAccess";
}
}
}
//close button
private: System::Void button2_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {
//close serialPort
this->serialPort1->Close();
// update progress bar
this->progressBar1->Value=0;
// Enable read button
//this->button2->Enabled = true;
// Enable the init button
this->button1->Enabled = true;
// ovalShape
//this->ovalShape1->FillColor= Color::Red;
}
private: System::Void serialPort1_DataReceived(System::Object^ sender, System::IO::Ports::SerialDataReceivedEventArgs^ e) {
data1 = serialPort1->ReadExisting();
textBox1->Text = textBox1->Text + data1 + "\r\n";
this->Invoke(gcnew EventHandler(this, &Form1::SetTextCallback));
//this->BeginInvoke( gcnew invokeDelegate( this, &Form1::SetTextCallback));
}
private: System::Void SetTextCallback(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e)
{
this->textBox1->AppendText(data1);
//this->textBox1->Text=data1;
//this->textBox1->Text="test";
}
};
}
Could check it and guide me to solve the exsting fault?
解决方案
THIS:
// Form1 // this->AutoScaleDimensions = System::Drawing::SizeF(6, 13); this->AutoScaleMode = System::Windows::Forms::AutoScaleMode::Font; this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(471, 262); this->Controls->Add(this->comboBox2); this->Controls->Add(this->label2); this->Controls->Add(this->comboBox1); this->Controls->Add(this->label1); this->Controls->Add(this->label3); this->Controls->Add(this->progressBar1); this->Controls->Add(this->textBox1); this->Controls->Add(this->button2); this->Controls->Add(this->button1); this->Name = L"Form1"; this->Text = L"Form1"; this->ResumeLayout(false); this->PerformLayout();
IS NOT THE SAME AS:
this->components = (gcnew System::ComponentModel::Container()); this->serialPort1 = (gcnew System::IO::Ports::SerialPort(this->components)); this->comboBox1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::ComboBox()); this->label1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Label()); this->label2 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Label()); this->comboBox2 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::ComboBox()); this->button1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button()); this->button2 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button()); this->textBox1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::TextBox()); this->progressBar1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::ProgressBar()); this->label3 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Label()); this->SuspendLayout();
It seems that you forgot to add:
this->Controls->Add(this->serialPort1);
So IMHO, you pasted just enough code to determine the error.
No, I have done it correctly. the serial communication is working properly. for example I can receive the message by pushing a button and changing the Text property of textbox or label but I need t receive the messages from serial port event based without pressing any button.
If I add "this->Controls->Add(this->serialPort1);" to the code, VS shows this error:
error C2664: 'System::Windows::Forms::Control::ControlCollection::Add' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'System::IO::Ports::SerialPort ^' to 'System::Windows::Forms::Control ^'
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