XML反序列化泛型方法 [英] XML deserialization generic method

问题描述

我的下一个XML文件：

I have next XML file:

<Root>
    <Document>      
        <Id>d639a54f-baca-11e1-8067-001fd09b1dfd</Id>
        <Balance>-24145</Balance>
    </Document>
    <Document>      
        <Id>e3b3b4cd-bb8e-11e1-8067-001fd09b1dfd</Id>
        <Balance>0.28</Balance> 
    </Document>
</Root>

我反序列化这个类：

I deserialize it to this class:

[XmlRoot("Root", IsNullable = false)]
public class DocBalanceCollection
{
    [XmlElement("Document")]
    public List<DocBalanceItem> DocsBalanceItems = new List<DocBalanceItem>();
}

其中， DocBalanceItem 是：

public class DocBalanceItem
{
    [XmlElement("Id")]
    public Guid DocId { get; set; }

    [XmlElement("Balance")]
    public decimal? BalanceAmount { get; set; }
}

下面是我的反序列化方法：

Here is my deserialization method:

public DocBalanceCollection DeserializeDocBalances(string filePath)
{
    var docBalanceCollection = new DocBalanceCollection();

    if (File.Exists(filePath))
    {
        var serializer = new XmlSerializer(docBalanceCollection.GetType());
        TextReader reader = new StreamReader(filePath);
        docBalanceCollection = (DocBalanceCollection)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
        reader.Close();
    }

    return docBalanceCollection;
}

所有工作正常，但我有很多的XML文件。除了写作项目类我必须写 ItemCollection 班为他们每个人。而且我也必须执行 DeserializeItems 方法每个。

All works fine but I have many XML files. Besides writing Item classes I have to write ItemCollection classes for each of them. And also I have to implement DeserializeItems method for each.

我可以反序列化我的XML文件，而无需创建 ItemCollection 班？而且我可以写一个通用的方法来反序列化他们的所有？

Can I deserialize my XML files without creating ItemCollection classes? And can I write single generic method to deserialize all of them?

想到的唯一的解决办法 - 做一个接口，所有这些类。任何想法？

The only solution that comes to mind - make an interface for all these classes. Any ideas?

推荐答案

您可以反序列化的通用名单，其中，T＆GT; 蛮好用的XmlSerializer。但是，首先你需要将 XmlType将属性添加到您的 DocBalanceItem 所以它知道如何列表中的元素被命名为

You can deserialize a generic List<T> just fine with XmlSerializer. However, first you need to add the XmlType attribute to your DocBalanceItem so it knows how the list elements are named.

[XmlType("Document")]
public class DocBalanceItem
{
    [XmlElement("Id")]
    public Guid DocId { get; set; }

    [XmlElement("Balance")]
    public decimal? BalanceAmount { get; set; }
}

然后修改 DeserializeDocBalances（）方法返回一个名单，其中，T＆GT; ，并通过串行器的 XmlRootAttribute 实例来指导它来寻找根作为根元素：

Then modify your DeserializeDocBalances() method to return a List<T> and pass the serializer an XmlRootAttribute instance to instruct it to look for Root as the root element:

public List<T> DeserializeList<T>(string filePath)
{
    var itemList = new List<T>();

    if (File.Exists(filePath))
    {
        var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<T>), new XmlRootAttribute("Root"));
        TextReader reader = new StreamReader(filePath);
        itemList = (List<T>)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
        reader.Close();
    }

    return itemList;
}

那么你应该能够做到

Then you should be able to do

VAR列表= DeserializeList＆LT; D​​ocBalanceItem＆GT;（somefile.xml）;

由于该方法现在返回一个泛型名单，其中，T＆GT; ，您不再需要创建自定义集合对于每一种类型的

Since the method now returns a generic List<T>, you no longer need to create custom collections for every type.

P.S。 - 我测试了该解决方案在本地使用提供的文档，它的工作

P.S. - I tested this solution locally with the provided document, it does work.

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