如何在网络中进行故障排除 [英] How to do troubleshooting in network

问题描述

如何在网络中进行故障排除

How to do troubleshooting in network

推荐答案

必须学习如何使用搜索引擎. Windows事件日志中将显示几乎所有出现的问题/错误.您可以使用自己喜欢的搜索引擎轻松查询这些事件.结果通常也提供解决方案.

(假设使用Windows，因为该问题不太可能来自负责维护Linux服务器的人员)

It is imperative that you learn how to use search engines. Almost any issue/error that comes up will show up in the Windows Event Logs. Those events can easily be queried using your favorite search engine. Results usually provide solutions as well.

(Assuming Windows because it is unlikely that this question would come fro someone tasked with maintaining a Linux server)

步骤0:检查电源线和插头；电源

您应该始终做的第一件事是检查并确保一切都已插入:您的计算机，路由器，设备等.该图标看起来像一个信号塔.如有疑问，请阅读该手册(您通常可以从制造商的网站下载该手册).请记住，我们有时会忘记此步骤，因此当您遇到这种情况时，不要感到太傻.

第1步:自我检查

您要测试您的机器是否正常运行.为此，您要ping通自己.您使用回送地址(127.0.0.1)来执行此操作.对环回地址测试执行Ping操作，以确保计算机上的软件正常运行.通常，如果在此阶段无法正常工作，则可能只需要重新启动计算机即可.

ping
http://www.ghacks.net/2011/05/12/network-troubleshooting-basics-the-ping-command/

步骤2:Ping您的路由器(又称默认网关)

下一步将是ping您的路由器.您也可以使用ipconfig查找路由器的IP地址(它应该在设备的底部，并且也在手册中列出).请记住，ipconfig将您的路由器列为默认网关".它很可能是192.168.1.1或类似的数字.

这样做是为了测试路由器是否响应.如果不是，并且您已经检查以确保已打开，则可能需要关闭然后再打开它.有时可能需要刷新.如果问题仍然存在，请与您的ISP联系以获得帮助，以查看它们是否可以提供帮助.

注意:路由器，像IT世界中的任何其他路由器一样，总有一天会发生故障.这有可能发生了.您的ISP服务台应该能够帮助您确定这一点.如果路由器是他们的路由器之一，他们可能会向您发送新的路由器.

步骤3:使用您的IP地址Ping自己

我们要进行测试以确保路由器和计算机之间的一切正常运行.为此，请ping您的IP地址.路由器IP地址同时在ipconfig命令中列出.如果这行得通，您可以完全确定问题出在您的家庭(或小型办公室)网络之外.

第4步:在网络外部执行Ping和Tracert操作

从这里开始，您想测试网络外部的内容.在中等或较大的网络设置中，网络另一分支上的服务器将运行.对于家庭网络，Internet通常是您唯一的选择.由于问题是一个(或似乎)一个或多个网站被关闭，因此这是一个合乎逻辑的检查.

您可以使用一些不同的工具.首先尝试执行ping命令，因为它是最快的.它只会告诉您该网站是否正常运行.有关更多详细信息，请使用tracert和路径.他们可以更好地了解正在发生的事情.例如，如果您可以到达路由器，但又无法到达路由器，则将您连接到Internet的节点可能已关闭:ISP问题.如果您仅能通过路由器几个(一两个)步骤，那么它仍然可能是ISP问题.您的互联网已关闭.如果您可以到达更远的地方，则该网站可能存在问题(请参阅Facebook关闭，检查网站是否确实关闭的方法，以获取指示信息)，甚至有可能存在来自同一地点或托管的其他网站服务，也有同样的问题.如果它是一个电子商务站点，则可能有一个电话号码，但是除了等待之外，可能没有其他事情要做.至少您知道问题出在哪里.

离别思想

值得一提的是，在今天这样美好的一天尝试这些命令的另一个好处是，它与工具产生了积极的心理联系.这可能会因存在足够多的问题而改变，但它们值得您留下良好的第一印象.拥有提前解决问题的技能总是一个好主意.
喜欢这篇文章吗?:然后注册我们的免费新闻通讯或RSS feed，以开始您一天的最新技术新闻和提示，或者在Facebook或Twitter上与您的朋友和联系人共享该文章.



另请参见:
=========
http://www.ghacks.net/2011/05/30 /network-troubleshooting-basics-some-simple-steps/ [ http://www.practicallynetworked.com/sharing/troubleshoot/ [ http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/7-simple-steps-diagnose -network-problem/ [ ^ ]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mIrtZub0UxM [

Step 0: Check the Cords & Power

The first thing you should always do is check to make sure everything is plugged in: your computer, router, device, etc. Many laptops have a button to turn off the wireless connection; the icon looks like a signal tower. When in doubt, read the manual (which you can often download from the manufacturer’s website). Bear in mind, we all forget this step at some point, so do not feel too silly when it happens to you.

Step 1: Ping Yourself

You want to test that your machine is working properly. To do this, you want to ping yourself. You use the loop-back address (127.0.0.1) to do this. Pinging the loop-back address tests to make sure software on your computer is working properly. Typically, if something is not working at this stage, you may just need to restart your computer.

ping
http://www.ghacks.net/2011/05/12/network-troubleshooting-basics-the-ping-command/

Step 2: Ping Your Router (AKA: the Default Gateway)

The next step would be to ping your router. You can find your router’s IP address with ipconfig as well (it should be on the bottom of the unit and listed in the manual too). Remember that ipconfig lists your router as the "Default Gateway." It is very likely to be 192.168.1.1 or a similar number.

This is done to test if your router is responding. If it is not, and you have already checked to make sure it is on, then it may need to be turned off and turned on. Every once in a while it may need a refresh. If the problem continues, contact you ISP for assistance to see if they can help.

Note: Routers, like anything else in the IT world, will someday fail. There is a chance that this has happened. Your ISP help desk should be able to help you determine this. If the router is one of theirs, they will likely send you out a new one.

Step 3: Ping Yourself with Your IP Address

We want to test to make sure everything is working correctly between your router and your computer. To do this, ping your IP address. It is listed in the ipconfig command at the same time the router IP number is. If this works, you can be pretty confident that a problem is outside your home (or maybe small office) network.

Step 4: Ping and Tracert Outside Your Network

From here, you want to test something outside your network. In a medium or larger network setting, a server on another branch of the network will do. For a home network, the Internet is often your only option. Since chances are the problem is that one or more websites are (or seem) down, this is a logical thing to check.

You can use a few different tools. First try the ping command because it is the fastest. It will only tell you if the site is working or not. For more detailed information, use tracert and pathping. They can give a better idea of what is going on. For instance, if you can reach your router, but no further, the node that connects you to the Internet may be down: an ISP issue. If you can reach only a couple (one or two) steps past your router, then it still is probably an ISP issue. Your Internet is down. If you can reach a lot further, the site may be having issues (see is Facebook down, ways to check if a website is really down, for pointers) There even is a chance that other sites, either from the same proximity or even hosting service, are having the same problem. If it is an e-commerce site, there may be a number to call, but there probably is not much to do besides wait. At least you know where the problem is.

Parting Thought

On a parting note, one other benefit of trying these commands out on a nice day like today is that it creates a positive mental association with the tools. That might change with enough problems, but they are worthy of a good first impression. Having the skills to deal with a problem ahead of time is always a good idea.
Enjoyed the article?: Then sign-up for our free newsletter or RSS feed to kick off your day with the latest technology news and tips, or share the article with your friends and contacts on Facebook or Twitter.



See Also:
=========
http://www.ghacks.net/2011/05/30/network-troubleshooting-basics-some-simple-steps/[^]

http://www.practicallynetworked.com/sharing/troubleshoot/[^]

http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/7-simple-steps-diagnose-network-problem/[^]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mIrtZub0UxM[^]

这篇关于如何在网络中进行故障排除的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！