如何使用C ++获取硬盘上文件和目录的列表? [英] How can i get the listing of files and directories on hard disk using c++?

问题描述

大家好！

我正在使用目录类来获取此信息，但无法将此数据分配给我自己的类的数据成员(我在做oop项目).
此外，我想使用动态性(包含)的概念.
我在下面创建了两个类，mydirectory和myfiles:

Hi everyone!

I am using the directory class to get this information but unable to assign this data to a data member of my own class, (I am doing an oop project).
Furthermore, I want to use the concept of Dynamism(containment).
I have created two class, mydirectory and myfiles as under:

   class files
{
     string fname[25];
public:
	files()
	{fname=NULL;
	}
};
class directory
{ private:
	directory *d;
	string *dname[25];   //* to show there may be a subdirectory,there may be not.
	files *ff[25];       // data member string *fname[25];
int numd,numf;
public:
	directory()
	{
	numd=0;numf=0;
	}

如果要使用语句: Directory::GetDirectories("D:\\"); ，如何将目录名称分配给目录类的"dname"?

我不想包含第三方软件.

我还需要以下主题的帮助:如何从控制台外部的C ++代码打开文件(doc文件/pdf/txt/pwt等)?

我很担心.
请帮我.

提前谢谢.
(我是C ++的新手，所以在指针处理中有任何错误，请原谅我，因为这是我第一次这样做.我还需要一些阅读材料.)

If I want to use the statment: Directory::GetDirectories("D:\\"); , how can I assign the directory names to "dname" of directory class?

I dont want to include a third party software.

Also I need help on the topic: how can a file (doc file/pdf/txt/pwt etc) can be opened from c++ code outside the console?

I am very worried.
Please help me.

Thanks in advance.
(I am new to c++ so please forgive me if there are any errors in pointer handling, as I am doing this containment for the first time. I also need some reading stuff.)

推荐答案

签出MSDN中的FindFirstFile()和FindNextFile().

要打开文件，可以使用ShellExecute().这将打开所有具有识别/关联扩展名的文件.

Check out MSDN for FindFirstFile() and FindNextFile().

To open a file, you can use ShellExecute(). This will open any file that has a recognized/associated extension.

编程书呆子写的

目录:: GetDirectories("D:\\")

Directory::GetDirectories("D:\\")

此方法用于托管代码.如果您确实在使用CLI/C ++，请查看文档提供的代码示例: DirectoryInfo.GetDirectories [^ ].

另一方面，如果您正在编写本机代码，则按照Hans的建议，签出 ^ ]， FindNextFile [

This method is for managed code. If you are indeed using CLI/C++ the have a look at the documentation provided code sample: DirectoryInfo.GetDirectories[^].

On the other hand, if you''re writing native code then check out, as Hans already suggested, FindFirstFile[^], FindNextFile[^] documentation.

沉迷于其他解决方案，请考虑对类进行更好的设计，否则您的代码将变得一团糟.

a)有时使用string (您的意思是std :: string ??)有时是字符数组，有时是char *.要保持一致！
b)目录应形成层次结构.如何只用一个指针就能做到呢?
c)您已经错误地混合了类和数组:string fname[25]是25个string -s的数组. fname=NULL没有意义(并可能导致灾难)
d)25 幻数从哪里来?
e)file 和directory 是完全无关的野兽，还是应该有共同的祖先(某种filesytementity)来管理名称和连词?

考虑一下:

In addiction to other solution, consider also a better design of your classes, or your code will became a mess.

a) You use sometimes string (did you mean std::string ??) sometime character arrays, sometime char*. Be consistent!
b) Directories should form a hierarchy. How can you do it with just one pointer?
c) You already mix-up classes and arrays improperly: string fname[25] is a array of 25 string-s. fname=NULL is meaningless (and can lead to disasters)
d) Where does the 25 magic number comes from ?
e) Are file and directory completely unrelated beasts or should they have a common ancestor (a sort of filesytementity) managing names and conjunctions?

consider this:

#include <string>
#include <list>
#include <iostream>
class file;
class directory;
class filesystementity
{
    friend class directory;
private:
    std::string name; //the short name for a file or a dir
    directory* owner; //the owner of this entity
public:
    virtual ~filesystementity() {}
    virtual void set_name(const std::string s); //name=s, after validating the characters
    virtual std::string get_name() const; //return name (no pathname)
    virtual std::string get_pathname() const; //return C:\a\b\c\d.ext
    virtual directory* get_owner() const; //returns
};
class directory: public filesystementity
{
private:
    typedef std::list<filesystementity*> entitylist;
    entitylist entries; //files and subdirs
public:
    ~directory(); //delete all entries
    directory(const std::string& path); //create entries based on "path" content
    // iterate the children
    typedef entitylist::iterator iterator;
    iterator begin() { return entries.begin(); }
    iterator end() { return entries.end(); }
    // gets the subtypes
    static directory* is_dir(iterator i) { return dynamic_cast<directory*>(*i); }
    static file* is_file(iterator i) { return dynamic_cast<file*>(*i); }
};
class file: public filesystementity
{
public:
    //open, colose, read write ...
};

动态内存仅用于多态对象，而不用于与字符串有关的东西.

Dynamic memory is used only for polymorphic objects, not for string related stuffs.

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