Spring Boot:如何外部化JDBC数据源配置? [英] Spring Boot: How to externalize JDBC datasource configuration?
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问题描述
我有以下可以正常工作的Spring Boot控制器代码. (一些敏感的文字已被替换)
I have following Spring Boot controller code that works. (Some sensitive text was replaced)
package com.sample.server;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@RestController
public class DetailReportController
{
@RequestMapping(value="/report/detail", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public List<UFGroup> detailReport()
{
BasicDataSource dataSource = new BasicDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClassName("net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver");
dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://111.11.11.11/DataBaseName;user=sa;password=password");
JdbcTemplate jt = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
List<UFGroup> results = jt.query(
"select NID, SCode, SName from UFGroup",
new RowMapper<UFGroup>()
{
@Override
public UFGroup mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException
{
return new UFGroup(rs.getInt("NID"), rs.getString("SCode"),
rs.getString("SName"));
}
});
return results;
}
private static class UFGroup
{
public int nid;
public String scode;
public String sname;
public UFGroup(int nid, String scode, String sname)
{
this.nid = nid;
this.scode = scode;
this.sname = sname;
}
}
}
现在，我要外部化数据源的配置. 即，应将BasicDataSource类，驱动程序类名称，数据源URL放入application.properties. 我该怎么办?
Now I want to externalize the configuration of the datasource. That is, BasicDataSource class, driver class name, datasource URL should be placed into application.properties. How can I do that?
顺便说一句，我是Spring，Spring Boot甚至Java Bean的新手.我所拥有的只是一些Java编程经验，主要是针对移动设备的.我花了几天时间研究Spring Boot环境，但是我实在不知所措. 所以，请给我确切的说明，并附上具体的例子.
BTW, I am a newbie of Spring, Spring Boot and even Java Beans. All I have is some Java programming experience, mainly for mobile devices. I've spent a few days to study Spring Boot environment, but I was literally overwhelmed. So please, give me the exact instruction with concrete example.
更新: 当我应用M. Deinum的答案时，运行应用程序时发生以下错误:
UPDATE: when I applied the answer of M. Deinum, following error occured when I ran the application:
2013-11-18 19:37:54.789 INFO 6868 --- [ main] com.logicplant.uflow.server.Application : Starting Application on zeo-PC with PID 6868 (C:\Projects\uFlow\Dev\Server\Spring\uFlowServer\build\libs\uFlowServer-1.0.0.jar started by zeo)
2013-11-18 19:37:54.830 INFO 6868 --- [ main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@7f83698f: startup date [Mon Nov 18 19:37:54 KST 2013]; root of context hierarchy
2013-11-18 19:37:55.931 INFO 6868 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service Tomcat
2013-11-18 19:37:55.932 INFO 6868 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.42
2013-11-18 19:37:56.009 INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2013-11-18 19:37:56.010 INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1183 ms
2013-11-18 19:37:56.165 INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2013-11-18 19:37:56.165 INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2013-11-18 19:37:56.242 INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2013-11-18 19:37:56.388 INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/report/detail],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public java.util.List<com.logicplant.uflow.server.DetailReportController$UFGroup> com.logicplant.uflow.server.DetailReportController.detailReport()
2013-11-18 19:37:56.438 INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2013-11-18 19:37:56.439 INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2013-11-18 19:37:56.788 INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 622 ms
2013-11-18 19:37:56.881 INFO 6868 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Stopping service Tomcat
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:53)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'detailReportController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate com.logicplant.uflow.server.DetailReportController.jt; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1139)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:299)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:665)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:509)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:278)
at com.logicplant.uflow.server.Application.main(Application.java:17)
... 6 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate com.logicplant.uflow.server.DetailReportController.jt; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:505)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
... 20 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1051)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:919)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:820)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:477)
... 22 more
作为参考，build.grade文件(我使用Gradle)的内容如下:(按照M. Deinum的建议，我删除了对org.apache.commons.dbcp的依赖.)
For reference, the content of build.grade file (I use Gradle) is as follows: (following M. Deinum's suggestion, I removed the dependency for org.apache.commons.dbcp.)
buildscript {
repositories {
maven { url "http://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot" }
mavenLocal()
}
dependencies {
classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:0.5.0.M5")
}
}
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'idea'
apply plugin: 'spring-boot'
jar {
baseName = 'uFlowServer'
version = '1.0.0'
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
maven { url "http://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot" }
}
dependencies {
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:0.5.0.M5")
compile("com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind")
compile("org.springframework:spring-jdbc:4.0.0.M3")
runtime("net.sourceforge.jtds:jtds:1.3.1")
testCompile("junit:junit:4.11")
}
task wrapper(type: Wrapper) {
gradleVersion = '1.8'
}
这是Application.java文件，它是主要的源文件.
And this is Application.java file, which is the main source file.
package com.sample.server;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan
public class Application
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(Application.class);
app.setShowBanner(false);
app.run(args);
}
}
该错误怎么办?
更新: 正如M. Deinum所建议的那样，当我按如下所示更改build.gradle文件时，该应用程序开始工作！
UPDATE: As M. Deinum suggested, when I changed build.gradle file as follows, the application worked!
buildscript {
repositories {
maven { url "http://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot" }
mavenLocal()
}
dependencies {
classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:0.5.0.M6")
}
}
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'idea'
apply plugin: 'spring-boot'
jar {
baseName = 'uFlowServer'
version = '1.0.0'
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
maven { url "http://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot" }
}
dependencies {
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:0.5.0.M6")
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc:0.5.0.M6")
compile("com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind")
runtime("net.sourceforge.jtds:jtds:1.3.1")
testCompile("junit:junit:4.11")
}
task wrapper(type: Wrapper) {
gradleVersion = '1.8'
}
推荐答案
将您的控制器更改为以下
Change your controller to the following
@RestController
public class DetailReportController {
@Autowired
private JdbcTemplate jt;
@RequestMapping(value="/report/detail", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public List<UFGroup> detailReport() {
List<UFGroup> results = jt.query(
"select NID, SCode, SName from UFGroup",
new RowMapper<UFGroup>(){
@Override
public UFGroup mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
return new UFGroup(rs.getInt("NID"), rs.getString("SCode"), rs.getString("SName"));
}
});
return results;
}
private static class UFGroup
{
public int nid;
public String scode;
public String sname;
public UFGroup(int nid, String scode, String sname)
{
this.nid = nid;
this.scode = scode;
this.sname = sname;
}
}
}
在src/main/resources中添加带有以下内容的application.properties
In src/main/resources add an application.properties with the following
spring.datasource.driverClassName=net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://111.11.11.11/DataBaseName
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=password
只需启动您的应用程序.无需xml. Spring boot将创建DataSource并将添加默认的JdbcTemplate实例.
And simply start your application. No xml needed. Spring boot will create the DataSource and will add a default JdbcTemplate instance.
提示:删除org.apache.commons.dbcp的依赖项spring-boot将为您提供更新的(更好的IMHO)tomcat连接池(尽管名称可以完全单独使用).
Tip: Remove the dependency for org.apache.commons.dbcp spring-boot will give you the newer (and IMHO better) tomcat connection pool (which despite the name can be used entirely on its own).
这篇关于Spring Boot:如何外部化JDBC数据源配置?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
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