Rails 4 jQuery，JavaScript和Coffee脚本不起作用 [英] Rails 4 jQuery, javascript and coffee scripts not working
问题描述
我是Rails和Web开发的新手，尽管我在控制系统和固件方面拥有近二十年的C/C ++知识，并且拥有大量的Shell和Perl脚本.
I am new to rails and web development, although I have almost two decades of C/C++ in control systems and firmware, and quite a lot of shell and perl scripting.
即使jquery在application.js清单中，我也无法在没有显式包含它的情况下使其工作，而且我也无法使任何单独的咖啡脚本全部工作.
I can't get jquery to work without explicitly including it, even though it is in the application.js manifest, and I can't get any of the individual coffeescripts to work at all.
Ubuntu 14.04LTS，红宝石2.2.1p85，导轨4.2.0
Ubuntu 14.04LTS, ruby 2.2.1p85, rails 4.2.0
application.js
application.js
//= require jquery
//= require jquery_ujs
//= require turbolinks
//= require_tree .
application.html.erb
application.html.erb
<%= render "layouts/header" %>
<%= render "layouts/sidenav" %>
<%= yield %>
<%= render "layouts/footer" %>
_header.html.erb
_header.html.erb
<html>
<head>
<title>My Application Title</title>
<%= stylesheet_link_tag 'application', media: 'all', 'data-turbolinks-track' => true %>
<%= stylesheet_link_tag 'intranet' %>
<%= stylesheet_link_tag 'form' %>
<%= javascript_include_tag 'application', 'data-turbolinks-track' => true %>
<%= csrf_meta_tags %>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" />
</head>
<body>
...
宝石文件
source 'https://rubygems.org'
# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '4.2.0'
# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
#gem 'sqlite3'
# Use postgresql as the database for Active Record
gem 'pg'
# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
# Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.1.0'
# See https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby
# Use jquery as the JavaScript library
gem 'jquery-rails'
# Turbolinks makes following links in your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/rails/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.0'
# bundle exec rake doc:rails generates the API under doc/api.
gem 'sdoc', '~> 0.4.0', group: :doc
# Pagination gem
gem 'kaminari'
# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'
# Use Unicorn as the app server
# gem 'unicorn'
# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development
group :development, :test do
# Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
gem 'byebug'
# Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> in views
gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0'
# Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
gem 'spring'
end
config/application.rb
config/application.rb
require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__)
require 'rails/all'
# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
module Boe
class Application < Rails::Application
# Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
# Application configuration should go into files in config/initializers
# -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded.
# Set Time.zone default to the specified zone and make Active Record auto-convert to this zone.
# Run "rake -D time" for a list of tasks for finding time zone names. Default is UTC.
# config.time_zone = 'Central Time (US & Canada)'
# The default locale is :en and all translations from config/locales/*.rb,yml are auto loaded.
# config.i18n.load_path += Dir[Rails.root.join('my', 'locales', '*.{rb,yml}').to_s]
# config.i18n.default_locale = :de
# Do not swallow errors in after_commit/after_rollback callbacks.
config.active_record.raise_in_transactional_callbacks = true
end
end
在27个构建的控制器中，我有11个控制器和视图，它们都运行良好，但直到昨天我才尝试使用任何JavaScript.我没有得到任何预期的行为，因此在人"索引视图中添加了:
I have eleven controllers and views out of 27 built, and they all work well except that I hadn't tried any javascript until yesterday. I wasn't getting any of the expected behavior, so in my "people" index view I added:
...
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
alert("jQuery is running!");
});
</script>
...
检查jQuery是否在正常工作.如果在csrf_meta_tag之前添加<%= javascript_include_tag 'jquery.js' %>，我会收到警报消息，但是coffeescript和其他消息仍然无效.没有显式的jQuery include，我什么也得不到.
To check and see if jQuery was working at all. If I add <%= javascript_include_tag 'jquery.js' %> before the csrf_meta_tag, I get the alert message but coffeescript and the rest still don't work. Without the explicit jquery include, I get nothing.
我看过很多关于此的文章，但都没有奏效.在我看来，未读取application.js中的清单和/或不包含列出的模块，只是当在页面之间移动时，turbolink在浏览器的网络面板上似乎可以正常工作.我删除了turbolink，但其行为却大不相同.
I've looked at many, many posts on this, but none of them have worked. It appears to me that the manifest in application.js is not being read and/or the modules listed are not included, except that turbolink appears to work properly gauging by the network panel on the browser when moving from page to page. I removed turbolink and it behaves very differently.
我也尝试过包括jquery-turbolinks gem，尽管我很确定jquery-rails gem不需要它.但这也不适用于已卸载的turbolinks，因此我不认为这是冲突.
I also tried including the jquery-turbolinks gem, although even though I'm pretty sure it's not needed with the jquery-rails gem. But it doesn't work with turbolinks uninstalled, either, so I don't think that is the conflict.
感谢您的光临.
推荐答案
为解决此问题，我创建了一个空白应用程序，其中只有一个"welcome"控制器，仅包含jQuery测试脚本，效果很好.
To resolve this issue I created a blank app with just a 'welcome' controller, containing only the jQuery test script, which worked fine.
从裸应用程序中的树中的差异往后看，我发现另一个开发人员生成了一个空的coffeescript文件:
Working backwards from the differences in the trees from the naked application, I found that another developer had generated an empty coffeescript file:
app/assets/javascript/application.coffee
我删除了此文件，该应用程序正常运行.股票javascript_include_tag现在读取清单，并包括各种javascript模块，包括jQuery，jQuery-ujs和turbolinks.
I removed this file and the application works properly. The stock javascript_include_tag now reads the manifest and includes the various javascript modules, including jQuery, jQuery-ujs and turbolinks.
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