如何动态获取json路径并使用该路径修改json字段值 [英] How to dynamically get the json path and modify the json field value with the path
问题描述
我有很多json文件,它们的结构不同.我每次都需要更改json中一个字段的值,其他字段的值保持不变.
I have a lot of json files, their structure is different. I need to change the value of a field in json every time, the values of other fields remain unchanged.
现在,我已经能够按如下方式动态获取json的路径代码
Now I have been able to dynamically get the path code of json as follows
def get_paths(source):
paths = []
if isinstance(source, collections.MutableMapping): # found a dict-like structure...
for k, v in source.items(): # iterate over it; Python 2.x: source.iteritems()
paths.append([k]) # add the current child path
paths += [[k] + x for x in get_paths(v)] # get sub-paths, extend with the current
# else, check if a list-like structure, remove if you don't want list paths included
elif isinstance(source, collections.Sequence) and not isinstance(source, str):
for i, v in enumerate(source):
paths.append([i])
paths += [[i] + x for x in get_paths(v)] # get sub-paths, extend with the current
return paths
其中一个json示例如下,它只是许多json之一:
One of the json examples is as follows, it is just one of many json:
{
"glossary": {
"title": "example glossary",
"GlossDiv": {
"title": "S",
"GlossList": {
"GlossEntry": {
"ID": "SGML",
"SortAs": "SGML",
"GlossTerm": "Standard Generalized Markup Language",
"Acronym": "SGML",
"Abbrev": "ISO 8879:1986",
"GlossDef": {
"para": "A meta-markup language, used to create markup languages...",
"GlossSeeAlso": [
"GML",
"XML"
]
},
"GlossSee": "markup"
}
}
}
}
}
使用以下代码获取路径
def loadJson():
try:
with open('../json/test1.json', 'r') as loadf:
load_dict = json.load(loadf)
return load_dict
except Exception as e:
raise Exception("load json fail")
t_json = loadJson()
paths = get_paths(loadJson())
此示例中的路径如下:
[['glossary'],
['glossary', 'title'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'title'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry', 'ID'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry', 'SortAs'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry', 'GlossTerm'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry', 'Acronym'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry', 'Abbrev'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry', 'GlossDef'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry', 'GlossDef', 'para'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry', 'GlossDef', 'GlossSeeAlso'],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry', 'GlossDef', 'GlossSeeAlso', 0],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry', 'GlossDef', 'GlossSeeAlso', 1],
['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'GlossList', 'GlossEntry', 'GlossSee']]
现在的问题是如何通过获取的路径动态修改字段之一的值?
The question now is how to dynamically modify the value of one of the fields by the path obtained?
示例:我想将"title": "S"
修改为"title": "M"
.
如何使用['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'title']
来做到这一点?
How to use ['glossary', 'GlossDiv', 'title']
to do it?
for path in paths:
# How to get t_json[path[0]][path[1]][path[2]]?
推荐答案
如何获取
t_json[path[0]][path[1]][path[2]]
?
简单:我们只需要遍历path
,一次应用一次索引操作.这要求我们记住每个步骤之后的进度,最简单的方法是只重用跟踪其路径的变量.因此,例如:
Simple: we just need to iterate over path
, applying one indexing operation at a time. This requires that we remember our progress after each step, and the simplest way is to just reuse a variable that traces its way through the path. Thus, for example:
element = t_json
for path_item in path:
element = element[path_item]
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