将JSON反序列化为子类 [英] Deserialize JSON to subclasses

问题描述

我有3个班级:

class Person {
    public bool IsFemale { get; set; }
}

class Female : Person {
    public string FemaleSpecificProperty { get; set; }
}

class Male: Person { 
    public string MaleSpecificProperty { get; set; }
}

如何基于Person.IsFemale属性的值将给定的JSON字符串反序列化为特定实例(Female或Male)? (前期我不知道使用了哪种确切类型，并且该属性是唯一的指示)

How can I deserialize given JSON string into specific instances (Female or Male) based on the value of Person.IsFemale property? (upfront I dont know which exact type has been used and that property is the only indication)

我看过雇用CustomCreationConverter<T>的人，但不知道如何在这里工作.

I looked at employing CustomCreationConverter<T> but couldn't figure out how to make it work here.

推荐答案

这里是您的人员类别的转换器.它获取IsFemale字段值，并基于它创建Female或Male个人，并由序列化程序填充:

Here is converter for your person class. It gets IsFemale field value, and based on it creates Female or Male person, which is populated by serializer:

public class PersonConverter : JsonConverter
{
    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return typeof(Person).IsAssignableFrom(objectType);
    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType,
        object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        JObject jObject = JObject.Load(reader);
        var isFemale = (bool)jObject["IsFemale"];
        Person target = isFemale ? (Person)new Female() : new Male();
        serializer.Populate(jObject.CreateReader(), target);
        return target;
    }

    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, 
        JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

用法:

List<Person> people = new List<Person>
{
    new Male { IsFemale = false, MaleSpecificProperty = "Y" },
    new Male { IsFemale = false, MaleSpecificProperty = "Y" },
    new Female { IsFemale = true, FemaleSpecificProperty = "X" }
};

string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(people);
var result = 
     JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<Person>>(json, new PersonConverter());

还要看一下alex提出的问题:

Also take a look on question suggested by alex: How to implement custom JsonConverter

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