使用JSON.NET反序列化任何内容 [英] Deserializing anything using JSON.NET

问题描述

我没有将JSON反序列化为已知类型或Dictionary对象的问题，但是如果我不知道输入将是什么情况呢?具体来说，我指的是接收代表一个平面或嵌套键值对集合的JSON字符串:

I have no issue deserializing JSON into known types or into Dictionary objects, but what about cases where I don't know what the input is going to be? Specifically I'm referring to receiving a JSON string that represents a flat or nested set of key-value pairs:

{ 
  foo: 'bar',
  baz: 42
}

或

{
  foo: 
  {
    bar: 42,
    baz: ['foo', 'bar', 'baz']
  }
}

但是，如果输入不是键值对，而是一个数组，或者是带有其他嵌套对象(包括数组)的对象数组，那么该怎么办?

But what about cases where the input isn't a key-value-pair, but rather an array, or, an array of objects with other nested objects (including arrays)?

[
  { foo: 'bar', baz: [ 1, 2, 3 ] },
  { foo: 'baz', bar: [ 4, 5, 6 ] }
]

我的目标是创建一个类，可以将上述任何一个反序列化为一个类，然后对其每个成员进行迭代.输入可以是任何结构，所以我不能认为数据会匹配我已经定义的任何类型.

My goal is to have a single class that I could deserialize any of the above into, and then iterate each of its members. The input could be of any structure, so I can't assume the data will come in matching any type I've already defined.

我一直无法找到一种方法来做到这一点.有人有指导吗?

I haven't been able to find a way to do this. Anyone have any guidance?

似乎很容易JToken.Parse JSON字符串;一个有用的下一步是迭代其成员并分别处理JArray和JObject.

Seems easy enough to JToken.Parse the JSON string; a helpful next step would be to iterate its members and handle JArray and JObject separately.

推荐答案

您所描述的内容已经存在于Json.Net中-它是

What you are describing already exists in Json.Net-- it is the LINQ-to-JSON API (JTokens). Below is an example of using it to parse arbitrary JSON and iterate through the members. Note that you need a recursive method to do it, since the JSON can be nested to any depth.

using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
public class Program
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        string json1 = @"
        {
          ""foo"": { ""bar"": 42, ""baz"": [ ""a"", ""b"", ""c"" ] }
        }";
        DeserializeAndDump(json1, "example 1");

        string json2 = @"
        [
          { ""foo"": ""bar"", ""baz"": [ 1, 2, 3 ] },
          { ""foo"": ""baz"", ""bar"": [ 4, 5, 6 ] }
        ]";
        DeserializeAndDump(json2, "example 2");
    }

    public static void DeserializeAndDump(string json, string label)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("---- " + label + " ----");
        JToken token = JToken.Parse(json);
        DumpJToken(token);
        Console.WriteLine();
    }

    public static void DumpJToken(JToken token, string indent = "")
    {
        if (token.Type == JTokenType.Object)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(indent + "begin object");
            foreach (JProperty prop in token.Children<JProperty>())
            {
                Console.WriteLine(indent + "  " + prop.Name + ":");
                DumpJToken(prop.Value, indent + "    ");
            }
            Console.WriteLine(indent + "end object");
        }
        else if (token.Type == JTokenType.Array)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(indent + "begin array");
            foreach (JToken child in token.Children())
            {
                DumpJToken(child, indent + "  ");
            }
            Console.WriteLine(indent + "end array");
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(indent + token.ToString() + " (" + token.Type.ToString() + ")");
        }
    }
}

以下是上面的输出:

---- example 1 ----
begin object
  foo:
    begin object
      bar:
        42 (Integer)
      baz:
        begin array
          a (String)
          b (String)
          c (String)
        end array
    end object
end object

---- example 2 ----
begin array
  begin object
    foo:
      bar (String)
    baz:
      begin array
        1 (Integer)
        2 (Integer)
        3 (Integer)
      end array
  end object
  begin object
    foo:
      baz (String)
    bar:
      begin array
        4 (Integer)
        5 (Integer)
        6 (Integer)
      end array
  end object
end array

提琴: https://dotnetfiddle.net/dfk0sj

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