使用Julia Plots访问后端特定功能 [英] Accessing backend specific functionality with Julia Plots

问题描述

Plots简单而强大，但有时我想对图的各个元素进行更多控制，以微调其外观.

Plots is simple and powerful but sometimes I would like to have a little bit more control over individual elements of the plot to fine-tune its appearance.

是否可以直接更新后端的绘图对象?

Is it possible to update the plot object of the backend directly?

例如，对于默认的pyplot后端，我尝试了

E.g., for the default pyplot backend, I tried

using Plots
p = plot(sin)
p.o[:axes][1][:xaxis][:set_ticks_position]("top")

，但是情节没有改变.此后再调用p.o[:show]()也无济于事.

but the plot does not change. Calling p.o[:show]() afterwards does not help, either.

换句话说:对于最初使用Plots创建的图，是否可以使用PyPlot接口?

In other words: Is there a way to use the PyPlot interface for a plot that was initially created with Plots?

保存图形时，对PyPlot对象的更改变得可见(也在gui中):

The changes to the PyPlot object become visible (also in the gui) when saving the figure:

using Plots
using PyPlot
p = Plots.plot(sin, top_margin=1cm)
gui() # not needed when using the REPL
gca()[:xaxis][:set_ticks_position]("top")
PyPlot.savefig("test.png")

在这里，我使用了p.o[:axes][1] == gca().必须设置top_margin=1cm，因为绘图区域不会自动调整(对于我的实际微调，这无关紧要).

Here, I used p.o[:axes][1] == gca(). One has to set top_margin=1cm because the plot area is not adjusted automatically (for my actual fine-tuning, this doesn't matter).

这也适用于后续更新，只要仅使用PyPlot界面即可.例如，在执行以下命令后，除了顶部的标签外，该图还将具有红色的右边框:

This also works for subsequent updates as long as only the PyPlot interface is used. E.g., after the following commands, the plot will have a red right border in addition to labels at the top:

gca()[:spines]["right"][:set_color]("red")
PyPlot.savefig("test.png")

但是，当使用像plot!(xlabel="foo")这样的Plots命令时，以前用PyPlot进行的所有更改都会被覆盖(这并不令人惊讶).

However, when a Plots command like plot!(xlabel="foo") is used, all previous changes made with PyPlot are overwritten (which is not suprising).

剩下的问题是如何以交互方式更新gui，而不必显式调用PyPlot.savefig.

The remaining question is how to update the gui interactively without having to call PyPlot.savefig explicitly.

推荐答案

我试图做同样的事情，但是没有找到更新现有图的解决方案.但这是部分答案:您可以从PyPlot轴对象中查询信息

I'm trying to do the same but didn't find a solution to update an existing plot. But here is a partial answer: you can query information from the PyPlot axes object

julia> Plots.plot(sin, 1:4)

julia> Plots.PyPlot.plt[:xlim]()
(1.0,4.0)

julia> Plots.plot(sin, 20:24)

julia> ax = Plots.PyPlot.plt[:xlim]()
(20.0,24.0)

它会更新.

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