Eclipse项目的类路径中的配置有什么用途:"org.eclipse.jdt.junit.JUNIT_CONTAINER/4"； [英] What's the use of the configuration in classpath for Eclipse project: "org.eclipse.jdt.junit.JUNIT_CONTAINER/4"

问题描述

我已经完成了一个单元测试类，但是当我运行它时，它会返回一个异常.以下是我的测试用例:

I have finished one unit test class, but when I run it, it returns with an Exception. the following is my test cases:

import java.util.Date;

import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.rules.ExpectedException;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.powermock.api.easymock.PowerMock;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockRule;

import com.tibco.plugin.hl7.utils.EnvUtils;

import static org.easymock.EasyMock.expect;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.powermock.api.easymock.PowerMock.expectNew;

import powermock.exception.A;
import powermock.exception.AException;

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({A.class})
public class PowerMockRuleTest {

  @Rule
  public ExpectedException exception = ExpectedException.none();
// 

    @Test
    public void testException() throws Exception{
        exception.expect(AException.class);
        A a = new A();
        a.sayA();
    }

     @Test
    public void testMockB() throws Exception{

        A b = PowerMock.createMock(A.class);
        expect(b.sayB()).andReturn("c");
        PowerMock.replay(b);
        assertEquals(b.sayB(), "c");
        simulateCurrentTime();

    }
}

以下是异常的一部分:

java.lang.ClassCastException: org.junit.rules.ExpectedException cannot be cast to org.junit.rules.MethodRule

    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:79)
...

然后我创建一个新的Java项目，并将相关的Java代码和测试用例以及所有相关的库复制到新项目中，重新运行测试用例，一切正常！ 然后我使用超越比较"比较了两个类路径文件的区别，发现了以下区别:

Then I create a new java project and copy the related java code and test cases and all the related libs to the new project, rerun the test case, it works fine! then I compared the the difference about the two classpath files using "Beyond Compare" and found the following difference:

我用一些描述用红线标记了差异.

I have marked the difference with red line with some description.

然后将内容"<classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.junit.JUNIT_CONTAINER/4"/>"复制到第一个项目，单元测试可以成功运行！

then I copy the content "<classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.junit.JUNIT_CONTAINER/4"/>" to the first project, the unit test can run successfully!

这让我非常困惑，在类路径中此配置的用途是什么?我应该每次手动复制吗?如果是这样，那将不是一件快乐的工作:-(

It makes me very confused, what's the use of this configuration in the classpath? should I manually copy it every time? If so, it is not a happy job :-(

推荐答案

您的项目需要使用JUnit库来运行JUnit测试. CLASSPATH中的条目指定这些库的位置.在这种情况下，它是Eclipse的JUnit 4.您可以使用其他版本(例如3)或不属于Eclipse的库.

Your project needs to use JUnit libraries to run JUnit tests. The entry in CLASSPATH specifies the location of these libraries; in this case it's JUnit 4 from Eclipse. You can use some other version (3, for example) or libraries which are not part of Eclipse.

要添加此库，可以使用Eclipse UI.打开项目属性，转到Java Build Path，然后打开Libraries选项卡.然后单击添加库"，您将获得一个库列表，您可以在其中选择JUnit.每次使用JUnit测试创建新项目时，都必须这样做.

To add this library you can use Eclipse UI. Open project properties, go to Java Build Path, then open Libraries tab. Then click Add Library, you'll get a list of libraries where you can choose JUnit. You have to do it every time you create a new project with JUnit tests.

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