从Perl脚本中杀死一个进程 [英] Kill a process from perl script

问题描述

我试图按名称杀死进程，该进程将作为变量传递给系统命令.

I am trying to kill a process by name which i will pass as a variable to a system command.

以下是我所拥有的:

my $processName=$ARGV[0];
print "$processName\n";
system(q/kill -9 `ps -ef | grep '$processName' | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`/);

上面的脚本抛出错误:

kill: usage: kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]

但是，如果我直接在系统命令中输入进程名称，它将起作用.

However, if i directly enter the process name inside the system command, it works.

有人可以帮我吗?

推荐答案

一个问题是，调用脚本的命令行具有您要查询的进程的名称，这是设计使然；所以发现的一件事就是脚本本身.

One problem is that the command line that invokes the script has the name of the process which you then query, by design; so one thing found will be the script itself.

这可以防止，但是为什么要通过这么大的管道进入系统?

This can be guarded against, but why go out to the system with that big pipeline?

例如使用 Proc ::在Perl中查询进程: ProcessTable

use warnings;
use strict;
use Proc::ProcessTable;

my $proc_name = shift // die "Usage: $0 process-name\n";  #/

my $pid;
my $pt = Proc::ProcessTable->new();
foreach my $proc (@{$pt->table}) {
    next if $proc->cmndline =~ /$0.*$proc_name/;  # not this script
    if ($proc->cmndline =~ /\Q$proc_name/) {
        $pid = $proc->pid;
        last;
    }   
}
die "Not found process with '$proc_name' in its name\n" if not defined $pid;    

kill 9, $pid;                    # must it be 9 (SIGKILL)? 
my $gone_pid = waitpid $pid, 0;  # then check that it's gone

请注意，通过发送SIGTERM(通常为15)而不是SIGKILL来杀死"一个进程要好得多.

Note that it is far nicer to "kill" a process by sending it SIGTERM (usually 15), not SIGKILL.

寻找进程名称"可能很危险，因为在现代系统上运行的许多进程包含长命令行，其中可能包含该单词.该代码使用您的要求来简单地按提交的名称进行查询，但是我建议通过附加检查来加强这一点.

Looking for a process "name" can be perilous as there are many processes with long command lines running on a modern system that may contain that word. The code uses your requirement, to simply query by submitted name, but I recommend strengthening that with additional checks.

有关该模块可以查询的许多流程详细信息，请参见其存根模块.

For many process details that the module can query see its stub module.

即使您想自己解析进程表，我也只会得到ps -ef，然后在脚本中对其进行解析.这样可以在确保您真正终止所需的内容时提供更大的灵活性.

Even if you'd rather parse the process table yourself I would get only ps -ef and then parse it in the script. That gives far more flexibility in ensuring that you really terminate what you want.

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