Python/Kivy:使用"Up"和"Down"键在RecycleView中选择行 [英] Python/Kivy : Selection Row in RecycleView using `Up` and `Down` key
问题描述
我正在使用python-2.7和kivy.当我运行test.py
并单击Test
菜单时,屏幕将显示为附件图像.
1.如何在屏幕加载时默认highlight
第一行?按键盘上的up
和down
键时,应根据up
和down
键选择行.
2.当我单击任何行时,它将以modify
情况打开.如何使用ctrl+e
而不是单击来在modify
情况下打开选定的行?
I am using python-2.7 and kivy. When i run test.py
and click on Test
menu then screen shows like attached image.
1. How to highlight
first row by default on screen load? When press up
and down
key of keyboard then it should be select row according up
and down
key .
2. When i click on any row then it opens in modify
case.How to open selected row in modify
case using ctrl+e
instead of click?
import kivy
kivy.require('1.9.0')
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.properties import BooleanProperty, ListProperty, ObjectProperty,NumericProperty
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.recycleview import RecycleView
from kivy.uix.recycleview.views import RecycleDataViewBehavior
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.recyclegridlayout import RecycleGridLayout
from kivy.uix.behaviors import FocusBehavior
from kivy.uix.recycleview.layout import LayoutSelectionBehavior
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup
from kivy.core.window import Window
Window.size = (600, 325)
from kivy.clock import Clock
class EditStatePopup(Popup):
col_data = ListProperty(["?", "?"])
index = NumericProperty(0)
def __init__(self, obj, **kwargs):
super(EditStatePopup, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.index = obj.index
self.col_data[0] = obj.rv_data[self.index]["Id"]
self.col_data[1] = obj.rv_data[self.index]["Name"]
class SelectableRecycleGridLayout(FocusBehavior, LayoutSelectionBehavior,
RecycleGridLayout):
''' Adds selection and focus behaviour to the view. '''
class SelectableButton(RecycleDataViewBehavior, Button):
''' Add selection support to the Button '''
index = None
selected = BooleanProperty(False)
selectable = BooleanProperty(True)
rv_data = ObjectProperty(None)
start_point = NumericProperty(0)
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(SelectableButton, self).__init__(**kwargs)
Clock.schedule_interval(self.update, .0005)
def update(self, *args):
self.text = self.rv_data[self.index][self.key]
def refresh_view_attrs(self, rv, index, data):
''' Catch and handle the view changes '''
self.index = index
return super(SelectableButton, self).refresh_view_attrs(rv, index, data)
def on_touch_down(self, touch):
''' Add selection on touch down '''
if super(SelectableButton, self).on_touch_down(touch):
return True
if self.collide_point(*touch.pos) and self.selectable:
return self.parent.select_with_touch(self.index, touch)
def apply_selection(self, rv, index, is_selected):
self.selected = is_selected
self.rv_data = rv.data
def on_press(self):
popup = EditStatePopup(self)
popup.open()
class MyRV(RecycleView):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(MyRV, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self._keyboard = Window.request_keyboard(self._keyboard_closed, self)
self._keyboard.bind(on_key_down=self._on_keyboard_down)
self.selectedItem = -1
def _keyboard_closed(self):
pass
def _on_keyboard_down(self, keyboard, keycode, text, modifiers):
if keycode[1] == 'down':
self.clearAll()
self.nextItem()
print('down')
elif keycode[1] == 'up':
self.clearAll()
self.prevItem()
print("up")
elif keycode[1] == 'e' and len(modifiers) > 0 and modifiers[0] == 'ctrl':
self.view_adapter.views[self.selectedItem].on_press()
def clearAll(self):
if (self.selectedItem > -1):
for i in range(len(self.view_adapter.views) - 1):
self.view_adapter.views[self.selectedItem].selected = 0
def nextItem(self):
if self.selectedItem < len(self.view_adapter.views) - 1:
self.selectedItem += 1
else:
self.selectedItem = 0
self.view_adapter.views[self.selectedItem].selected = 1
print(self.selectedItem)
def prevItem(self):
if self.selectedItem > 0:
self.selectedItem -= 1
else:
self.selectedItem = len(self.view_adapter.views) - 1
self.view_adapter.views[self.selectedItem].selected = 1
print(self.selectedItem)
class RV(RecycleView):
data_items = ListProperty([])
col1 = ListProperty()
col2 = ListProperty()
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(RV, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.get_states()
def update(self):
self.col1 = [{'Id': str(x[0]), 'Name': x[1], 'key': 'Id', 'text': str(x[2])} for x in self.data_items]
self.col2 = [{'Id': str(x[0]), 'Name': x[1], 'key': 'Name', 'text': str(x[2])} for x in self.data_items]
def get_states(self):
rows = [(1, 'Test1'), (2, 'Test2'), (3, 'Test3')]
i = 0
for row in rows:
self.data_items.append([row[0], row[1], i])
i += 1
print(self.data_items)
self.update()
class MainMenu(BoxLayout):
states_cities_or_areas = ObjectProperty()
def display_states(self):
self.remove_widgets()
self.rv = RV()
self.states_cities_or_areas.add_widget(self.rv)
def remove_widgets(self):
self.states_cities_or_areas.clear_widgets()
class TestApp(App):
title = "test"
def build(self):
return MainMenu()
if __name__ == '__main__':
TestApp().run()
test.kv
<SelectableButton>:
canvas.before:
Color:
rgba: (10, 10, 10, 10) if self.selected else (0, 0.517, 0.705, 1)
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
<MyRV@RecycleView>:
viewclass: 'SelectableButton'
SelectableRecycleGridLayout:
cols: 1
default_size: None, dp(26)
default_size_hint: 1, None
size_hint_y: None
height: self.minimum_height
orientation: 'vertical'
multiselect: True
touch_multiselect: True
<RV>:
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
viewclass: 'SelectableButton'
GridLayout:
size_hint: 1, None
size_hint_y: None
height: 25
cols: 3
Label:
size_hint_x: .1
text: "Id"
Label:
size_hint_x: .5
text: "Name"
BoxLayout:
MyRV:
size_hint_x: .1
data: root.col1
MyRV:
size_hint_x: .5
data: root.col2
<EditStatePopup>:
size_hint: None, None
title_size: 20
title_font: "Verdana"
size: 400, 275
auto_dismiss: False
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
GridLayout:
cols: 2
#backgroun_color: 0, 0.517, 0.705, 1
spacing: 10, 10
padding: 20, 20
Label:
text: "Id"
text_size: self.size
Label:
text: root.col_data[0]
text_size: self.size
Label:
text: "Name"
text_size: self.size
valign: 'middle'
TextInput:
focus : True
text: root.col_data[1]
text_size: self.size
GridLayout:
cols: 2
padding: 10, 0, 10, 10
spacing: 10, 10
row_default_height: '20dp'
size_hint: .5, .2
pos_hint: {'x': .25, 'y':.65}
Button:
text: 'Ok'
Button:
text: 'Cancel'
size_hint_x: .5
on_release: root.dismiss()
<MenuButton@Button>:
text_size: self.size
valign: "middle"
padding_x: 5
size : (80,30)
size_hint : (None, None)
background_color: 90 , 90, 90, 90
background_normal: ''
color: 0, 0.517, 0.705, 1
border: (0, 10, 0, 0)
<MainMenu>:
states_cities_or_areas: states_cities_or_areas
BoxLayout:
orientation: 'vertical'
#spacing : 10
BoxLayout:
canvas.before:
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
size_hint_y: 1
MenuButton:
id: btn
text: 'Test'
size : (60,30)
on_release: root.display_states()
BoxLayout:
canvas.before:
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Color:
rgb: (1,1,1)
Label:
size_hint_x: 45
BoxLayout:
id: states_cities_or_areas
size_hint_y: 10
Label:
size_hint_y: 1
推荐答案
我已经在 SelectableRecycleGridLayout 类中实现了一些方法,以利用
I have implemented a few methods in the class SelectableRecycleGridLayout to make use of methods in the class LayoutSelectionBehavior. Please refer to the test plans, concerns, example, and output for details.
与原始程序有关的两个问题会影响性能和内存使用.
There are two concerns regarding the original program that will impact performance and memory usage.
调用方法 update 每隔0.0005秒设置小部件的文本.这是非常昂贵的.请参考编程指南»事件和属性»安排重复的事件&触发事件.
Calling method update to set the widget's text every 0.0005 seconds. This is very expensive. Please refer to Programming Guide » Events and Properties » Scheduling a repetitive event & Trigger events.
class SelectableButton(RecycleDataViewBehavior, Button):
...
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(SelectableButton, self).__init__(**kwargs)
Clock.schedule_interval(self.update, .0005)
def update(self, *args):
self.text = self.rv_data[self.index][self.key]
解决方案-问题1
在类 RV 的方法 update 中添加了 text .
Solution - Issue 1
Added text in the method update of class RV.
class RV(BoxLayout):
...
def update(self):
self.col1_data = [{'text': str(x[0]), 'Id': str(x[0]), 'Name': x[1], 'key': 'Id', 'selectable': True}
for x in self.data_items]
self.col2_data = [{'text': x[1], 'Id': str(x[0]), 'Name': x[1], 'key': 'Name', 'selectable': True}
for x in self.data_items]
问题2
col1_data 和 col2_data 相似,除了 key ( Id 或 Name ).当 数据变大 时,该应用可能因为内存不足而无法运行,如果运行,则性能会下降.
Issue 2
col1_data and col2_data are similar except the text and dictonary for key (Id or Name). When the data grows bigger, the app might not run because it ran out of memory, and if it does run, it gives poor performance.
没有提供解决方案,因为它不在本主题范围之内,仅供您练习.
No solution provided because it is out of this topic and left as an exercise for you.
- 单击测试",显示RecycleView并突出显示第一行.
- 按下箭头键,突出显示下一行.
- 在最后一行,按向下箭头键,第一行高亮.
- 按向上箭头键,突出显示前一行.
- 在第一行,按向上箭头键,在最后一行突出显示.
- 按Ctrl + e,弹出窗口将显示突出显示的行的信息.
- 鼠标单击未突出显示的任何行,选中鼠标单击的行,然后打开弹出窗口.
- 鼠标单击任意行后,弹出窗口关闭后,键盘事件仍然有效!
示例
main.py
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.properties import BooleanProperty, ListProperty, ObjectProperty, NumericProperty, DictProperty
from kivy.uix.recycleview.views import RecycleDataViewBehavior
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.recyclegridlayout import RecycleGridLayout
from kivy.uix.behaviors import FocusBehavior
from kivy.uix.recycleview.layout import LayoutSelectionBehavior
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup
from kivy.core.window import Window
from kivy.clock import Clock
Window.size = (600, 325)
class EditStatePopup(Popup):
col_data = ListProperty(["?", "?"])
def __init__(self, obj, **kwargs):
super(EditStatePopup, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.col_data[0] = obj["Id"]
self.col_data[1] = obj["Name"]
class SelectableRecycleGridLayout(FocusBehavior, LayoutSelectionBehavior,
RecycleGridLayout):
''' Adds selection and focus behaviour to the view. '''
selected_row = NumericProperty(0)
def get_nodes(self):
nodes = self.get_selectable_nodes()
if self.nodes_order_reversed:
nodes = nodes[::-1]
if not nodes:
return None, None
selected = self.selected_nodes
if not selected: # nothing selected, select the first
self.select_node(nodes[0])
self.selected_row = 0
return None, None
if len(nodes) == 1: # the only selectable node is selected already
return None, None
last = nodes.index(selected[-1])
self.clear_selection()
return last, nodes
def select_next(self):
''' Select next row '''
last, nodes = self.get_nodes()
if not nodes:
return
if last == len(nodes) - 1:
self.select_node(nodes[0])
self.selected_row = nodes[0]
else:
self.select_node(nodes[last + 1])
self.selected_row = nodes[last + 1]
def select_previous(self):
''' Select previous row '''
last, nodes = self.get_nodes()
if not nodes:
return
if not last:
self.select_node(nodes[-1])
self.selected_row = nodes[-1]
else:
self.select_node(nodes[last - 1])
self.selected_row = nodes[last - 1]
def select_current(self):
''' Select current row '''
last, nodes = self.get_nodes()
if not nodes:
return
self.select_node(nodes[self.selected_row])
class SelectableButton(RecycleDataViewBehavior, Button):
''' Add selection support to the Button '''
index = None
selected = BooleanProperty(False)
selectable = BooleanProperty(True)
def refresh_view_attrs(self, rv, index, data):
''' Catch and handle the view changes '''
self.index = index
return super(SelectableButton, self).refresh_view_attrs(rv, index, data)
def on_touch_down(self, touch):
''' Add selection on touch down '''
if super(SelectableButton, self).on_touch_down(touch):
return True
if self.collide_point(*touch.pos) and self.selectable:
print("on_touch_down: self=", self)
return self.parent.select_with_touch(self.index, touch)
def apply_selection(self, rv, index, is_selected):
''' Respond to the selection of items in the view. '''
self.selected = is_selected
class RV(BoxLayout):
data_items = ListProperty([])
row_data = DictProperty({})
col1_data = ListProperty([])
col2_data = ListProperty([])
col1_row_controller = ObjectProperty(None)
col2_row_controller = ObjectProperty(None)
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(RV, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.get_states()
Clock.schedule_once(self.set_default_first_row, .0005)
self._request_keyboard()
def _request_keyboard(self):
self._keyboard = Window.request_keyboard(
self._keyboard_closed, self, 'text'
)
if self._keyboard.widget:
# If it exists, this widget is a VKeyboard object which you can use
# to change the keyboard layout.
pass
self._keyboard.bind(on_key_down=self._on_keyboard_down)
def _keyboard_closed(self):
self._keyboard.unbind(on_key_down=self._on_keyboard_down)
self._keyboard = None
def _on_keyboard_down(self, keyboard, keycode, text, modifiers):
if keycode[1] == 'down': # keycode[274, 'down'] pressed
# Respond to keyboard down arrow pressed
self.display_keystrokes(keyboard, keycode, text, modifiers)
self.col1_row_controller.select_next()
self.col2_row_controller.select_next()
elif keycode[1] == 'up': # keycode[273, 'up] pressed
# Respond to keyboard up arrow pressed
self.display_keystrokes(keyboard, keycode, text, modifiers)
self.col1_row_controller.select_previous()
self.col2_row_controller.select_previous()
elif len(modifiers) > 0 and modifiers[0] == 'ctrl' and text == 'e': # ctrl + e pressed
# Respond to keyboard ctrl + e pressed, and call Popup
self.display_keystrokes(keyboard, keycode, text, modifiers)
keyboard.release()
self.on_keyboard_select()
# Keycode is composed of an integer + a string
# If we hit escape, release the keyboard
if keycode[1] == 'escape':
keyboard.release()
# Return True to accept the key. Otherwise, it will be used by
# the system.
return True
def display_keystrokes(self, keyboard, keycode, text, modifiers):
print("\nThe key", keycode, "have been pressed")
print(" - text is %r" % text)
print(" - modifiers are %r" % modifiers)
def on_keyboard_select(self):
''' Respond to keyboard event to call Popup '''
# setup row data for Popup
self.row_data = self.col1_data[self.col1_row_controller.selected_row]
# call Popup
self.popup_callback()
def on_mouse_select(self, instance):
''' Respond to mouse event to call Popup '''
if (self.col1_row_controller.selected_row != instance.index
or self.col2_row_controller.selected_row != instance.index):
# Mouse clicked on row is not equal to current selected row
self.col1_row_controller.selected_row = instance.index
self.col2_row_controller.selected_row = instance.index
# Hightlight mouse clicked/selected row
self.col1_row_controller.select_current()
self.col2_row_controller.select_current()
# setup row data for Popup
# we can use either col1_data or col2_data because they are duplicate and each stores the same info
self.row_data = self.col1_data[instance.index]
# call Popup
self.popup_callback()
def popup_callback(self):
''' Instantiate and Open Popup '''
popup = EditStatePopup(self.row_data)
popup.open()
# enable keyboard request
self._request_keyboard()
def set_default_first_row(self, dt):
''' Set default first row as selected '''
self.col1_row_controller.select_next()
self.col2_row_controller.select_next()
def update(self):
self.col1_data = [{'text': str(x[0]), 'Id': str(x[0]), 'Name': x[1], 'key': 'Id', 'selectable': True}
for x in self.data_items]
self.col2_data = [{'text': x[1], 'Id': str(x[0]), 'Name': x[1], 'key': 'Name', 'selectable': True}
for x in self.data_items]
def get_states(self):
rows = [(1, 'Test1'), (2, 'Test2'), (3, 'Test3')]
i = 0
for row in rows:
self.data_items.append([row[0], row[1], i])
i += 1
print(self.data_items)
self.update()
class MainMenu(BoxLayout):
states_cities_or_areas = ObjectProperty(None)
rv = ObjectProperty(None)
def display_states(self):
self.remove_widgets()
self.rv = RV()
self.states_cities_or_areas.add_widget(self.rv)
def remove_widgets(self):
self.states_cities_or_areas.clear_widgets()
class TestApp(App):
title = "test"
def build(self):
return MainMenu()
if __name__ == '__main__':
TestApp().run()
test.kv
#:kivy 1.10.0
<EditStatePopup>:
size_hint: None, None
title_size: 20
title_font: "Verdana"
size: 400, 275
auto_dismiss: False
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
GridLayout:
cols: 2
#background_color: 0, 0.517, 0.705, 1
spacing: 10, 10
padding: 20, 20
Label:
text: "Id"
text_size: self.size
Label:
text: root.col_data[0]
text_size: self.size
Label:
text: "Name"
text_size: self.size
valign: 'middle'
TextInput:
text: root.col_data[1]
text_size: self.size
focus: True
BoxLayout:
Button:
size_hint: 1, 0.4
text: "Save Changes"
on_release:
root.dismiss()
Button:
size_hint: 1, 0.4
text: "Cancel Changes"
on_release: root.dismiss()
<SelectableButton>:
canvas.before:
Color:
rgba: (0, 0.517, 0.705, 1) if self.selected else (0, 0.517, 0.705, 1)
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
background_color: [1, 0, 0, 1] if self.selected else [1, 1, 1, 1] # dark red else dark grey
on_press: app.root.rv.on_mouse_select(self)
<RV>:
col1_row_controller: col1_row_controller
col2_row_controller: col2_row_controller
orientation: "vertical"
GridLayout:
size_hint: 1, None
size_hint_y: None
height: 25
cols: 3
Label:
size_hint_x: .1
text: "Id"
Label:
size_hint_x: .5
text: "Name"
BoxLayout:
RecycleView:
size_hint_x: .1
data: root.col1_data
viewclass: 'SelectableButton'
SelectableRecycleGridLayout:
id: col1_row_controller
key_selection: 'selectable'
cols: 1
default_size: None, dp(26)
default_size_hint: 1, None
size_hint_y: None
height: self.minimum_height
orientation: 'vertical'
multiselect: True
touch_multiselect: True
RecycleView:
size_hint_x: .5
data: root.col2_data
viewclass: 'SelectableButton'
SelectableRecycleGridLayout:
id: col2_row_controller
key_selection: 'selectable'
cols: 1
default_size: None, dp(26)
default_size_hint: 1, None
size_hint_y: None
height: self.minimum_height
orientation: 'vertical'
multiselect: True
touch_multiselect: True
<MenuButton@Button>:
text_size: self.size
valign: "middle"
padding_x: 5
size : (80,30)
size_hint : (None, None)
background_color: 90 , 90, 90, 90
background_normal: ''
color: 0, 0.517, 0.705, 1
border: (0, 10, 0, 0)
<MainMenu>:
states_cities_or_areas: states_cities_or_areas
BoxLayout:
orientation: 'vertical'
#spacing : 10
BoxLayout:
canvas.before:
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
size_hint_y: 1
MenuButton:
id: btn
text: 'Test'
size : (60,30)
on_release: root.display_states()
BoxLayout:
canvas.before:
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Color:
rgb: (1,1,1)
Label:
size_hint_x: 45
BoxLayout:
id: states_cities_or_areas
size_hint_y: 10
Label:
size_hint_y: 1
输出
Output
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