使用Python通过SSH在远程主机上执行本地Shell函数 [英] Executing a local shell function on a remote host over ssh using Python

问题描述

我的.profile定义了一个函数

myps () {
        ps -aef|egrep "a|b"|egrep -v "c\-"
}

我想从我的python脚本中执行它

I'd like to execute it from my python script

import subprocess
subprocess.call("ssh user@box \"$(typeset -f); myps\"", shell=True)

找回错误

bash: -c: line 0: syntax error near unexpected token `;'
bash: -c: line 0: `; myps'

转义；导致

bash: ;: command not found

推荐答案

原始命令未正确解释;之前的;.使用sh -c可以解决此问题，但是...(请参阅下面的Charles Duffy评论).

The original command was not interpreting the ; before myps properly. Using sh -c fixes that, but... ( please see Charles Duffy comments below ).

有时使用单引号/双引号的组合会使语法更易于阅读并且不易出错.考虑到这一点，一种安全的命令运行方式(只要.profile中的功能实际上可以在subprocess.Popen对象启动的外壳中访问):

Using a combination of single/double quotes sometimes makes the syntax easier to read and less prone to mistakes. With that in mind, a safe way to run the command ( provided the functions in .profile are actually accessible in the shell started by the subprocess.Popen object ):

subprocess.call('ssh user@box "$(typeset -f); myps"', shell=True),  

另一种(不太安全)的方法是对子shell命令使用sh -c:

An alternative ( less safe ) method would be to use sh -c for the subshell command:

subprocess.call('ssh user@box "sh -c $(echo typeset -f); myps"', shell=True) 
# myps is treated as a command

这似乎返回了相同的结果:

This seemingly returned the same result:

subprocess.call('ssh user@box "sh -c typeset -f; myps"', shell=True) 

肯定有其他方法可以完成这些类型的任务，但是，这可能会让您了解原始命令的问题所在.

There are definitely alternative methods for accomplishing these type of tasks, however, this might give you an idea of what the issue was with the original command.

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