如何在python模块tkinter中处理单击按钮事件 [英] How to handle a click button event in python module tkinter

问题描述

我正在尝试使用tkinter在python中制作问题游戏.我正在努力定义一个函数，该函数可以检查玩家单击的答案并添加到分数，然后将该分数打印在答案下方.

I am trying to make a question game in python using tkinter. I am struggling to define a function that can check the answer that the player clicked on and add to a score that is then printed out below the answers.

每当我单击时，代码的结果就是得分为0，问题和答案没有改变.另外，如果我反复单击，它会在彼此下方打印0作为标签.

The outcome of the code whenever I click is that the score is 0 and the question and answers don't change. Also, if I click repeatedly, it prints 0 as a label below each other.

我只包含了我所有的代码，因此，如果有人想自己测试代码，就不会抛出任何错误.

I only included all of my code so that if someone wanted to test the code out for themselves, it wouldn't throw up any errors.

import tkinter
import random
from random import shuffle

score = 0

def check_answer(answer):
    if answer == answers[s][0] or answer == answers[s][1]:
        global score
        score += 1
    lbl = tkinter.Label(window, text=score)
    lbl.pack()


#This sets up a window and names it "The Hunt" but doesn't generate the window
window = tkinter.Tk()
window.title("The Hunt!")

#This sets the background colour
window.configure(background="#1C3F95")

#This generates labels and buttons that are the same or similar colour to the background
welcome = tkinter.Label(window, text="Welcome to the Hunt!", bg="#1C3F95")
begin = tkinter.Button(window, text="Click here to begin", bg="#1C7C95")


#This is my code for the question generation. As I made that for a pygame window, I obviously had to change it slightly

questions = ["What species of bird is also a nickname for New Zealand?", "Which Twins can you play as in Assassin's Creed Syndicate?",
                 "Which year was 'Killing In The Name' Christmas Number one?"]

answers = [["kiwi", "Kiwi", "Falcon", "Sparrow", "Crow"], ["frye", "Frye", "Bank", "Green", "Bundy"], ["2009", "2009",
                                                                                                       "1999", "1993",
                                                                                                       "2004"]]
#I had to do it in two separate lists as it's easier to work with later on
# Also I made the correct answers non-case sensitive to make it easier to test.

r = len(questions)
score = 0
s = random.randrange(0, r, 1)
#This generates a random number within the range of how many questions there are
# and then prints out that question

#This generates a label that displays the randomly generated question
question = tkinter.Label(window, text=questions[s])


list = answers[s]
output = []

for i in range(1, 5):
    output.append(answers[s][i])
shuffle(output)


# this takes the answers that correspond with the randomly generated question and shuffles the answers
# I did this as otherwise, the answer would always be the first answer to appear and the player could exploit this

#This code is what displays the labels and buttons on the window. It lets the computer decide where the best place for
#each component is
welcome.pack()
begin.pack()
question.pack()

for i in output:
    answer = tkinter.Button(window, text=i, command=lambda answer = i: check_answer(i))
    answer.pack()


#I had decided to pack the answers like this as it was easier than typing out each element of the list and also
#more efficent
window.mainloop()
#this is the code that actually generates the window

推荐答案

从顶部开始，让我们将check_answer定义更改为不每次都创建新标签:

Starting at the top, let's change your check_answer definition to not create a new label every time:

def check_answer(answer):
    if answer == answers[s][0] or answer == answers[s][1]:
        global score
        score += 1
        lbl["text"] = score

接下来，我们需要在您的for循环中进行一个小更改:我们要发送答案，而不是i:

Next, we need one small change in your for loop: we want to send answer, not i:

for i in output:
    answer = tkinter.Button(window, text=i, command=lambda answer = i: check_answer(answer))
    answer.pack()

lbl = tkinter.Label(window, text=score)
lbl.pack()

最后，我们将先前删除的标签添加到您最初拥有该标签的底部.您可以通过将其尽快打包在美观代码中来更改其位置.回答(正确或不正确)后，您的代码仍不会循环到新问题，但至少现在您可以看到用户正确回答的时间.

Lastly, we'll add that label that we removed earlier down to the bottom where you had it initially. You can change the location of this by packing it sooner in the code for aesthetics. Your code still doesn't cycle to a new question once one is answered (correctly or otherwise), but at least now you can see when the user answers correctly.

希望这会有所帮助.

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