Laravel数据库架构，可为空 [英] Laravel Database Schema, Nullable Foreign

问题描述

我有以下两个数据库表:

I've these two database tables:

1. 用户表
2. 合作伙伴表

用户表将处理此类信息

Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
      $table->increments('id')->unique();
      $table->string('email')->unique();
      $table->string('username')->unique();
      $table->string('password', 60);
      $table->string('photo')->nullable();
      $table->integer('partner_id')->unsigned();
      $table->foreign('partner_id')->references('id')->on('partners');
      $table->rememberToken();
      $table->timestamps();
});

合作伙伴表将包含所有用户元信息，例如名字和姓氏等.

While Partner Tables will contains all the user meta information such as first name and last name, etc.

Schema::create('partners', function (Blueprint $table) {

    /**
     * Identity Columns
     */
    $table->increments('id')->unique();
    $table->string('first_name');
    $table->string('middle_name')->nullable();
    $table->string('last_name')->nullable();
    $table->string('display_name')->nullable();
    $table->string('email')->unique()->nullable();
    $table->string('website')->nullable();
    $table->string('phone')->nullable();
    $table->string('mobile')->nullable();
    $table->string('fax')->nullable();
    $table->date('birthdate')->nullable();
    $table->longText('bio')->nullable();
    $table->string('lang')->nullable(); //Language

    /**
     * Address Columns
     */
    $table->text('street')->nullable();
    $table->text('street2')->nullable();
    $table->integer('country_id')->unsigned(); // foreign
    $table->foreign('country_id')->references('id')->on('countries');
    $table->integer('state_id')->unsigned();   // foreign
    $table->foreign('state_id')->references('id')->on('country_states');
    $table->string('city')->nullable();
    $table->string('district')->nullable();
    $table->string('area')->nullable();
    $table->string('zip')->nullable();
});

当用户注册到站点时，我只需要几个字段，分别为username，email address，password，first name和last name.这些只是必填字段.

When a user is register to the site I only want few fields which are, username, email address, password, first name and last name. These are only the required fields.

因此，在用户完成向网站注册后，以后可以填充合作伙伴表中的信息.

So information in partner tables can be filled later after the user have finish registering to the site.

但是由于外键的结构，由于这个错误，我无法继续进行下去:

But due to the structure of foreign key, I cannot proceed any further because of this error :

SQLSTATE[23000]: Integrity constraint violation: 1452 Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`mytable`.`tbl_partners`, CONSTRAINT `partners_country_id_foreign` FOREIGN KEY (`country_id`) REFERENCES `tbl_countries` (`id`)) (SQL: insert into `tbl_partners` (`first_name`, `last_name`, `display_name`, `email`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values (Jack, Wilson, admin, [e-mail], 2016-06-09 19:41:18, 2016-06-09 19:41:18))

我知道这是由合作伙伴表所需的国家/地区表引起的.
我的问题是:是否有解决方法，所以我可以在合作伙伴表上填写国家或任何其他非必需数据，但保留国家，州等的外部表架构.

I know this is cause by the countries table which is required by the partner table.
My question is : is there a work around so I can fill the country or any other non required data on partner table but keep the foreign table schema for countries, states, etc.

推荐答案

设置country_id和state_id可为空，就像这样.

Set the country_id and the state_id nullable, like so.

$table->integer('country_id')->nullable()->unsigned();

$table->integer('state_id')->nullable()->unsigned();

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